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The association between COVID-19 related food insecurity and weight promoting eating behaviours : the mediating role of distress and eating to cope (2021)
Journal Article
Keenan, G., Christiansen, P., Owen, L., & Hardman, C. (2022). The association between COVID-19 related food insecurity and weight promoting eating behaviours : the mediating role of distress and eating to cope. Appetite, 169, 105835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105835

Food insecurity (a lack of stable access to nutritious food) is reliably associated with obesity, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Past research indicates that this relationship may, in part, be explained by the distress of being food... Read More about The association between COVID-19 related food insecurity and weight promoting eating behaviours : the mediating role of distress and eating to cope.

COVID19 related food insecurity and eating behaviours that may promote weight gain : the mediating role of distress and eating to cope (2021)
Journal Article
Keenan, G., Christiansen, P., Owen, L., & Hardman, C. (2022). COVID19 related food insecurity and eating behaviours that may promote weight gain : the mediating role of distress and eating to cope. Appetite, 169, 105509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105509

Food insecurity (a lack of stable access to nutritious food) is reliably associated with obesity, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Past research indicates that this relationship may, in part, be explained by the distress of being food... Read More about COVID19 related food insecurity and eating behaviours that may promote weight gain : the mediating role of distress and eating to cope.

Household food insecurity, diet quality and obesity : an explanatory model (2020)
Journal Article
Keenan, G., Christiansen, P., & Hardman, C. (2021). Household food insecurity, diet quality and obesity : an explanatory model. Obesity, 29(1), 143-149. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23033

Objectives: Food insecurity (a lack of stable access to nutritious food) is reliably associated with poor diet, malnutrition and obesity; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that these relations are explaine... Read More about Household food insecurity, diet quality and obesity : an explanatory model.

Larger portions make me eat more : awareness of the external factors that influence food intake (2020)
Journal Article
that influence food intake. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8befm

There is consistent evidence that the amount of food people consume can be influenced by external factors, such as food portion size or the amount of food others are eating. However research studies to date have suggested that people are generally un... Read More about Larger portions make me eat more : awareness of the external factors that influence food intake.

‘Eating to survive’ : a qualitative analysis of factors influencing food choice and eating behaviour in a food-insecure population (2019)
Journal Article
Puddephatt, J., Keenan, G., Fielden, A., Reaves, D., Halford, J., & Hardman, C. (2020). ‘Eating to survive’ : a qualitative analysis of factors influencing food choice and eating behaviour in a food-insecure population. Appetite, 147, 104547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104547

Food insecurity affects approximately 8.4 million people in the UK, one of the worst levels in Europe. Food insecurity is associated with poor diet quality and obesity; however, the drivers of this relationship are unclear. This study used a qualitat... Read More about ‘Eating to survive’ : a qualitative analysis of factors influencing food choice and eating behaviour in a food-insecure population.

When a portion becomes a norm : exposure to a smaller vs. larger portion of food affects later food intake (2019)
Journal Article
Robinson, E., Henderson, J., Keenan, G., & Kersbergen, I. (2019). When a portion becomes a norm : exposure to a smaller vs. larger portion of food affects later food intake. Food Quality and Preference, 75, 113-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2019.02.013

Background: Portion sizes in the food environment may communicate information about what constitutes a ‘normal’ amount of food to eat. Here we examined whether mere visual exposure to a smaller vs. larger portion size of snack food affects perceptio... Read More about When a portion becomes a norm : exposure to a smaller vs. larger portion of food affects later food intake.

The portion size effect : women demonstrate an awareness of eating more than intended when served larger than normal portions (2018)
Journal Article
Keenan, G., Childs, L., Rogers, P., Hetherington, M., & Brunstrom, J. (2018). The portion size effect : women demonstrate an awareness of eating more than intended when served larger than normal portions. Appetite, 126, 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2018.03.009

Large portion sizes lead to increased intake. Some studies suggest that individuals are unaware that they consume more when served larger portions. In a between-subjects design we asked female participants (N = 48) how much pasta and tomato sauce the... Read More about The portion size effect : women demonstrate an awareness of eating more than intended when served larger than normal portions.

Awareness and portion size : individuals appear to be more aware of the influence of larger portions than previously thought (2016)
Journal Article
Keenan, G., Hardman, C., & Robinson, E. (2016). Awareness and portion size : individuals appear to be more aware of the influence of larger portions than previously thought. Appetite, 107, 684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.051

There is reliable evidence that larger portions lead to increased energy intake. It has been suggested that individuals are unaware of the influence that large portion sizes have on the amount of food they consume. The current study sought to determi... Read More about Awareness and portion size : individuals appear to be more aware of the influence of larger portions than previously thought.

Measuring interoceptive awareness in external eaters : a test of Schachter's ‘externality’ theory (2016)
Journal Article
Keenan, G., Rogers, P., & Brunstrom, J. (2016). Measuring interoceptive awareness in external eaters : a test of Schachter's ‘externality’ theory. Appetite, 101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.116

Individuals differ in the extent to which they are responsive to external food cues such as the sight and smell of food. According to Schachter's ‘externality theory’, increased responsiveness to these cues may be the consequence of some individuals... Read More about Measuring interoceptive awareness in external eaters : a test of Schachter's ‘externality’ theory.

Effects of meal variety on expected satiation : evidence for a 'perceived volume' heuristic (2015)
Journal Article
Keenan, G., Brunstrom, J., & Ferriday, D. (2015). Effects of meal variety on expected satiation : evidence for a 'perceived volume' heuristic. Appetite, 89, 10-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.01.010

Meal variety has been shown to increase energy intake in humans by an average of 29%. Historically, research exploring the mechanism underlying this effect has focused on physiological and psychological processes that terminate a meal (e.g., sensory-... Read More about Effects of meal variety on expected satiation : evidence for a 'perceived volume' heuristic.

The role of interoceptive awareness in decisions about portion size (2014)
Presentation / Conference
Keenan, G., & Brunstrom, J. (2014, April). The role of interoceptive awareness in decisions about portion size. Presented at British Feeding and Drinking group annual meeting, Loughborough University

People differ in their ability to monitor signals originating from inside the body. Whether this ‘interoceptive’ awareness plays an important role in pre-meal planning and decisions about meal size is not yet clear. The present study tested if indivi... Read More about The role of interoceptive awareness in decisions about portion size.

Information distortion in physicians' diagnostic judgments (2012)
Journal Article
Keenan, G. (2012). Information distortion in physicians' diagnostic judgments. Medical Decision Making, 32(6), 831-839. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272989X12447241

Background: Information distortion suggests that people change the evaluation of new information to support an emerging belief. The present study was designed to measure the extent to which physicians distort incoming medical information to support a... Read More about Information distortion in physicians' diagnostic judgments.

Income loss and diet quality during the first COVID-19 lockdown in a UK and Australian sample : the role of distress as a potential mediator
Presentation / Conference
Keenan, G., Royle, W., Marrow, L., & Owen, L. Income loss and diet quality during the first COVID-19 lockdown in a UK and Australian sample : the role of distress as a potential mediator. Presented at 46th British Feeding and Drinking Group meeting

Eating as a means to combat distress: A novel pathway to explain the association between household food insecurity and food choice
Presentation / Conference
Hardman, C., Christiansen, P., Halford, J., Keenan, G., Gabbay, M., Boyle, N., …fielden, A. Eating as a means to combat distress: A novel pathway to explain the association between household food insecurity and food choice. Poster presented at N8 Agrifood annual conference, Liverpool

Food insecurity is a lack of the financial resources needed to ensure reliable access to food to meet dietary, nutritional, and social needs. In the UK, 8.4 million people were food-insecure in 20141. Household food insecurity is associated with poor... Read More about Eating as a means to combat distress: A novel pathway to explain the association between household food insecurity and food choice.