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Improved FTO/NiOx interfaces for inverted planar triple cation perovskite solar cells (2019)
Journal Article
Afzaal, M., Yates, H., Walter, A., & Nicolay, S. (2019). Improved FTO/NiOx interfaces for inverted planar triple cation perovskite solar cells. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 9(5), 1302-1308. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2019.2927927

Front electrodes of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films and hole transporting layers of nickel oxide thin films have been combined to fabricate 1.063 cm2 inverted planar solar cells with cesium-containing triple cation p... Read More about Improved FTO/NiOx interfaces for inverted planar triple cation perovskite solar cells.

Optically tuned and large-grained bromine doped CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films via aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (2018)
Journal Article
Basak, S., Afzaal, M., & Yates, H. (2019). Optically tuned and large-grained bromine doped CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films via aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 223, 157-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.10.054

Herein, doping of methylammonium lead iodide perovskite thin films with bromine ions is successfully performed for the first time using the aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition process. Depending on the doping levels, photoluminescence spect... Read More about Optically tuned and large-grained bromine doped CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films via aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition.

Surface-related properties of perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (2017)
Journal Article
Afzaal, M., Salhi, B., Al-Ahmed, A., Yates, H., & Hakeem, A. (2017). Surface-related properties of perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 5(33), 8366-8370. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TC02968C

A modified three-step aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition process was used to grow dense and uniform CH3NH3PbI3 thin films directly on borosilicate glass. The resulting photoluminescence spectrum was blue shifted with respect to its bandgap.... Read More about Surface-related properties of perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition.

1 cm2 CH3NH3PbI3 mesoporous solar cells with 17.8% steady-state efficiency by tailoring front FTO electrodes (2017)
Journal Article
Afzaal, M., Yates, H., Walter, A., Nicolay, S., & Ballif, C. (2017). 1 cm2 CH3NH3PbI3 mesoporous solar cells with 17.8% steady-state efficiency by tailoring front FTO electrodes. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 5(20), 4946-4950. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc01248a

In this article, we investigate the effects of atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposited fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films as front electrodes for the fabrication of mesoporous perovskite solar cells with an active area of 1 cm2 and co... Read More about 1 cm2 CH3NH3PbI3 mesoporous solar cells with 17.8% steady-state efficiency by tailoring front FTO electrodes.

Growth patterns and properties of aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition of CH3NH3PbI3 films in a single step (2017)
Journal Article
Yates, H., & Afzaal, M. (2017). Growth patterns and properties of aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition of CH3NH3PbI3 films in a single step. Surface and Coatings Technology, 321, 336-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.05.011

In this work, we highlight growth patterns and properties of aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition of perovskite, CH3NH3PbI3 thin films. The substrates were distinctly covered with both perovskite and lead iodide thin films which we attribute to... Read More about Growth patterns and properties of aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition of CH3NH3PbI3 films in a single step.

Recent progress and remaining challenges in organometallic halides based perovskite solar cells (2017)
Journal Article
Mehmood, U., Al-Ahmed, A., Afzaal, M., Al-Sulaiman, F., & Daud, M. (2017). Recent progress and remaining challenges in organometallic halides based perovskite solar cells. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.105

The efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), based on thin film organometallic halides/mixed-halides, has rapidly increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 20.1% by 2015. Enhanced efficiency as well as the flexibility in material development and the struc... Read More about Recent progress and remaining challenges in organometallic halides based perovskite solar cells.

Transparent conductive oxide films for high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells (2017)
Journal Article
high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 7(2), 518-524. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2016.2641303

In this paper, atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films of various thicknesses and dopant levels is reported. The deposited coatings are used to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cells, which exhibited... Read More about Transparent conductive oxide films for high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells.

Progression towards high efficiency perovskite solar cells via optimisation of the front electrode and blocking layer (2016)
Journal Article
Yates, H., Afzaal, M., Walter, A., Hodgkinson, J., Moon, S., Sacchetto, D., …Ballif, C. (2016). Progression towards high efficiency perovskite solar cells via optimisation of the front electrode and blocking layer. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 4(47), 11269-11277. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TC04647A

The effects of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode, titanium dioxide (TiO2-x) blocking layer (BL) and perovskite (methyl ammonium lead triiodide) preparation on the overall properties of the photovoltaic cells have been studied. The FTO electro... Read More about Progression towards high efficiency perovskite solar cells via optimisation of the front electrode and blocking layer.

Aerosol-assisted CVD of cadmium diselenoimidodiphosphinate and formation of a new iPr2N2P3+ ion supported by combined DFT and mass spectrometric studies (2016)
Journal Article
Oyetunde, T., Afzaal, M., Vincent, M., & O'Brien, P. (2016). Aerosol-assisted CVD of cadmium diselenoimidodiphosphinate and formation of a new iPr2N2P3+ ion supported by combined DFT and mass spectrometric studies. Dalton Transactions, 45, 18603-18609. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6DT03186B

Aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) of Cd[(SePiPr2)2N]2 is shown to deposit cadmium selenide and/or cadmium phosphide on glass substrates, depending upon the growth conditions. The phase, structure, morphology and composition of the f... Read More about Aerosol-assisted CVD of cadmium diselenoimidodiphosphinate and formation of a new iPr2N2P3+ ion supported by combined DFT and mass spectrometric studies.

Translation effects in fluorine doped tin oxide thin film properties by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (2016)
Journal Article
Afzaal, M., Yates, H., & Hodgkinson, J. (2016). Translation effects in fluorine doped tin oxide thin film properties by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition. Coatings, 6(4), 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings6040043

In this work, the impact of translation rates in fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition (APCVD) were studied. We demonstrated that by adjusting the translation speeds of the susceptor, the grow... Read More about Translation effects in fluorine doped tin oxide thin film properties by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition.

Optimised atmospheric pressure CVD of monoclinic VO2 thin films with picosecond phase transition (2016)
Journal Article
Gaskell, J., Afzaal, M., Sheel, D., Yates, H., Delfanazari, K., & Muskens, O. (2016). Optimised atmospheric pressure CVD of monoclinic VO2 thin films with picosecond phase transition. Surface and Coatings Technology, 287, 160-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.12.090

Monoclinic vanadium oxide (VO2) thin films with low roughness values were deposited and optimised by atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition using vanadium tetrachloride (VCl4) and water (H2O). Smooth VO2 films with good transmittance propert... Read More about Optimised atmospheric pressure CVD of monoclinic VO2 thin films with picosecond phase transition.