Actin and myosin in non-neuronal exocytosis

Miklavc, P; Frick, M

Abstract

Cellular secretion depends on exocytosis of secretory vesicles and discharge of vesicle contents. Actin and myosin are essential for pre-fusion and post-fusion stages of exocytosis. Secretory vesicles depend on actin for transport to and attachment at the cell cortex during the pre-fusion phase. Actin coats on fused vesicles contribute to stabilization of large vesicles, active vesicle contraction and/or retrieval of excess membrane during the post-fusion phase. Myosin molecular motors complement the role of actin. Myosin V is required for vesicle trafficking and attachment to cortical actin. Myosin I and II members engage in local remodeling of cortical actin to allow vesicles to get access to the plasma membrane for membrane fusion. Myosins stabilize open fusion pores and contribute to anchoring and contraction of actin coats to facilitate vesicle content release. Actin and myosin function in secretion is regulated by a plethora of interacting regulatory lipids and proteins. Some of these processes have been first described in non-neuronal cells and reflect adaptations to exocytosis of large secretory vesicles and/or secretion of bulky vesicle cargoes. Here we collate the current knowledge and highlight the role of actomyosin during distinct phases of exocytosis in an attempt to identify unifying molecular mechanisms in non-neuronal secretory cells.

Citation

Miklavc, P., & Frick, M. (2020). Actin and myosin in non-neuronal exocytosis. Cells, 9(6), e1455. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9061455

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jun 6, 2020
• Publication Date: Jun 11, 2020
• Deposit Date: Jun 15, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Jun 15, 2020
• Journal: Cells
• Publisher: MDPI
• Volume: 9
• Issue: 6
• Pages: e1455
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9061455
• Keywords: secretion, vesicle trafficking, cell cortex, actin coat
• Publisher URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9061455
• Related Public URLs: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/cells
• Additional Information: Additional Information : ** From MDPI via Jisc Publications Router ** Licence for this article: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ **Journal IDs: eissn 2073-4409 **History: published 11-06-2020; accepted 06-06-2020; Projects : GRK “Pulmosens"