The effects of swimming fatigue on shoulder strength, range of motion, joint control, and performance in swimmers

Matthews, MJ; Green, D; Matthews, HP; Swanwick, E

Abstract

Purpose


To investigate the effects of training induced fatigue on shoulder strength, ROM, joint position sense, and stroke length in elite competitive swimmers.

Methods

Seventeen national level swimmers performed maximum isometric strength (internal and external rotation), ROM, and joint position sense tests before and after a fatiguing 8 × 100 m training set. Stroke length, heart rate, blood lactate and blood glucose levels were recorded throughout.

Results

Peak blood lactate, blood glucose levels, and heart rate increased significantly (P<0.001) post-training confirming fatigue. Reductions were observed in stroke length of both arms (P<0.001), external rotation range of motion (P<0.001, −5.29°, Right shoulder; P = 0.04, −3.18°, Left shoulder) and joint position sense in their dominant (breathing side) arm (P = 0.03).

Conclusions

This investigation revealed a reduction in stroke length across both arms and also an arm bias in swimming whereby a greater reduction in both external rotation range and joint position sense was observed in the dominant arm when fatigued. This has highlighted a relationship between fatigue and potential mechanism of shoulder pathology in swimmers.

Citation

Matthews, M., Green, D., Matthews, H., & Swanwick, E. (2017). The effects of swimming fatigue on shoulder strength, range of motion, joint control, and performance in swimmers. Physical Therapy in Sport, 23, 118-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.08.011

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Aug 22, 2016
• Online Publication Date: Aug 30, 2016
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2017
• Deposit Date: Sep 14, 2016
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 30, 2017
• Journal: Physical Therapy in Sport
• Print ISSN: 1466-853X
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Volume: 23
• Pages: 118-122
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.08.011
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.08.011
• Related Public URLs: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/1466853X