Urban green spaces and social cohesion

Kazmierczak, AE

Abstract

Green spaces provide numerous environmental, economic and social benefits to residents of
urban areas. One particular notion is that green spaces contribute to social cohesion of urban
communities. However, the extant evidence for this contribution is patchy and the
mechanisms connecting social cohesion to green spaces are not well recognised. The aim of
this thesis is to provide a conceptual framework linking urban green spaces and social
cohesion.
The critical literature review identified three hypothetical mechanisms that link green spaces
to social cohesion: their role as free and accessible amenities; as social arenas enabling
interactions between people; and as places relieving stress and aggression by providing
contact with nature. These functions were investigated in a multi-method manner with the use
of Geographical Information Systems, ecological surveys, questionnaire surveys, focus group
discussions and statistical analysis of secondary data. Greater Manchester, UK, was used as a
case study area.
The results suggest that while green spaces were abundant in the area investigated, their
accessibility was limited by unequal geographic distribution, problems with physical access
and perceptions of their usability. They functioned as social arenas but this role was
dependant on the presence of recreational facilities, qualities of the neighbouring area and
personal characteristics of visitors. While contact with nature was valued by users, it was not
seen as a priority and intensely managed settings were preferred by respondents.
In conclusion, the research identified that a number of criteria need to be met for urban green
spaces to contribute to social cohesion. The results have been combined into a conceptual
framework of interrelated social and environmental factors affecting the potential of green
spaces to provide this contribution. The thesis includes suggestions for further investigations
into the socio-ecological functioning of urban green spaces and provides recommendations for
green space planning and management.

Citation

Kazmierczak, A. Urban green spaces and social cohesion. (Thesis). Salford : University of Salford

• Thesis Type: Thesis
• Deposit Date: Oct 3, 2012
• Award Date: Jan 1, 2010