Examining the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Social and Computer Anxiety in E-Learning Settings: Students’ Perceptions at the University Level

Almaiah, Mohammed Amin; Alfaisal, Raghad; Salloum, Said A.; Hajjej, Fahima; Thabit, Sarah; El-Qirem, Fuad Ali; Lutfi, Abdalwali; Alrawad, Mahmaod; Al Mulhem, Ahmed; Alkhdour, Tayseer; Awad, Ali Bani; Al-Maroof, Rana Saeed

Abstract

The learning environment usually raises various types of anxiety based on the student’s abilities to use technology and their abilities to overcome the negative feelings of an individual being watched all the time and criticized. Hence, learners still feel anxious while using computers and socializing in an e-learning environment. Learners who are faced with computer and AI tools are confused and frustrated. The uneasiness stems from anxiety or uneasiness, which is highly evident in daily interaction with computers and artificial intelligence tools or devices in e-learning contexts. The uneasiness stems from anxiety or uneasiness, which is highly evident in the daily interaction with computers and artificial intelligence tools or devices in e-learning contexts. To investigate this phenomenon empirically, a questionnaire was distributed among a group of undergraduate students who are studying different majors. This study aims to investigate the role of social anxiety and computer anxiety in an e-learning environment at the university level. Universities in the Gulf area are among those implementing e-learning systems. In spite of this, recent studies have shown that most students at Gulf universities are still resistant to using online systems; hence, it is necessary to determine the type of anxiety that creates such resistance and their relationship with other external variables such as motivation, satisfaction and self-efficacy. Students would be more likely to use e-learning tools and participate more effectively in their courses using the accessible electronic channels when the degree of anxiety is low. In this study, we have proposed a theoretical framework to investigate the role of social anxiety and computer anxiety in e-learning environments in the Gulf region. We examined how different variables such as satisfaction, motivation and self-efficacy can negatively or positively affect these two types of anxiety.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 7, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Nov 9, 2022
• Publication Date: Nov 9, 2022
• Deposit Date: Jan 11, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 11, 2023
• Journal: Electronics
• Electronic ISSN: 2079-9292
• Publisher: MDPI
• Volume: 11
• Issue: 22
• Pages: 3662
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223662
• Publisher URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223662
• Additional Information: Funders : King Faisal University;Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University; Projects : 875;PNURSP2022R236