Arsenic Contamination in Rice and the Possible Mitigation Options

Sengupta, Sudip; Roychowdhury, Tarit; Phonglosa, Amit; Mandal, Jajati

Abstract

Arsenic (As) in food poses a major threat to human health. Aside from drinking water, rice consumption is the principal route for As to enter the body. Due to the large population density in Asian countries, such as India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and China, the problem requires more serious attention. The importance of studying the dynamics of the metalloid in the soil-plant system, as well as the rice plant's inherent ability to uptake, transport, and accumulate As in edible grains, necessitates a concentrated research effort. Several factors influence the chemistry of the metalloid, its occurrence, chemical species, and so on, in its natural environment, in soil. In rice, many transporters allow the contaminant to pass from the root to the shoot, and then the xylem and phloem mediate the As uptake in the grain. When irrigation water has elevated As levels, the high irrigation need of rice contributes to soil As build-up, hence a mitigation strategy should include both the sources (soil and irrigation water). The main goal of this chapter is to trace the As pathway in the soil-plant (rice) system, provide an overview of the status of As accumulation in rice grain, and consider possible mitigation strategies, such as modelling approaches for predicting the dietary risk associated with As consumption. A special emphasis is given to the soil-based calculative models and machine learning methodologies, that simulate the uptake of the metalloid in edible grains.

Citation

Sengupta, S., Roychowdhury, T., Phonglosa, A., & Mandal, J. (2022). Arsenic Contamination in Rice and the Possible Mitigation Options. . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16360-9_3

• Online Publication Date: Dec 3, 2022
• Publication Date: Dec 3, 2022
• Deposit Date: Sep 2, 2023
• Publisher: Springer
• Pages: 35-48
• ISBN: 9783031163593
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16360-9_3