The distribution, fate, and environmental impacts of food additive nanomaterials in soil and aquatic ecosystems.

Bolan, Shiv; Sharma, Shailja; Mukherjee, Santanu; Zhou, Pingfan; Mandal, Jajati; Srivastava, Prashant; Hou, Deyi; Edussuriya, Randima; Vithanage, Meththika; Truong, Vi Khanh; Chapman, James; Xu, Qing; Zhang, Tao; Bandara, Pramod; Wijesekara, Hasintha; Rinklebe, Jörg; Wang, Hailong; Siddique, Kadambot H M; Kirkham, M B; Bolan, Nanthi

Abstract

Nanomaterials in the food industry are used as food additives, and the main function of these food additives is to improve food qualities including texture, flavor, color, consistency, preservation, and nutrient bioavailability. This review aims to provide an overview of the distribution, fate, and environmental and health impacts of food additive nanomaterials in soil and aquatic ecosystems. Some of the major nanomaterials in food additives include titanium dioxide, silver, gold, silicon dioxide, iron oxide, and zinc oxide. Ingestion of food products containing food additive nanomaterials via dietary intake is considered to be one of the major pathways of human exposure to nanomaterials. Food additive nanomaterials reach the terrestrial and aquatic environments directly through the disposal of food wastes in landfills and the application of food waste-derived soil amendments. A significant amount of ingested food additive nanomaterials (> 90 %) is excreted, and these nanomaterials are not efficiently removed in the wastewater system, thereby reaching the environment indirectly through the disposal of recycled water and sewage sludge in agricultural land. Food additive nanomaterials undergo various transformation and reaction processes, such as adsorption, aggregation-sedimentation, desorption, degradation, dissolution, and bio-mediated reactions in the environment. These processes significantly impact the transport and bioavailability of nanomaterials as well as their behaviour and fate in the environment. These nanomaterials are toxic to soil and aquatic organisms, and reach the food chain through plant uptake and animal transfer. The environmental and health risks of food additive nanomaterials can be overcome by eliminating their emission through recycled water and sewage sludge. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.]

Citation

Bolan, S., Sharma, S., Mukherjee, S., Zhou, P., Mandal, J., Srivastava, P., …Bolan, N. (in press). The distribution, fate, and environmental impacts of food additive nanomaterials in soil and aquatic ecosystems. #Journal not on list, 916, 170013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170013

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jan 6, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Jan 18, 2024
• Deposit Date: Feb 5, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Feb 5, 2024
• Journal: The Science of the total environment
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 916
• Pages: 170013
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170013
• Keywords: Nanomaterials, Preservatives, Food additives, Biosolids, Sensory additives, Wastewater