COMPUTATIONAL HEMODYNAMIC NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION SIMULATION IN A CURVED STENOTIC ARTERY

Kuharat, S; Chaudhry, M A; Anwar Bég, O; Bég, T A

Abstract

This paper focuses on deploying Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) to investigate key characteristics associated with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), a leading cause of global mortality. CVDs encompass various heart and blood vessel disorders, including coronary artery disease, stroke and atherosclerosis, which significantly impact arteries. Risk factors such as high blood pressure and obesity contribute to atherosclerosis, which is characterized by narrowed arteries due to fatty deposits, impeding blood flow and increasing heart attack and stroke risks. To simulate blood flow behaviour and its effects on artery stenosis formation, ANSYS-based CFD and monolithic (one-way) FSI analyses are deployed in this work. Extensive visualization of blood flow patterns relevant to patient-specific conditions is included using the non-Newtonian (Carreau shear-thinning) bio-rheological model. These simulations start with creating a three-dimensional patient artery model, followed by applying CFD/FSI methodologies to solve the equations iteratively with realistic boundary conditions. Velocity, pressure, wall shear stress (WSS), Von Mises stress and strain characteristics are all computed for multiple curvature cases and different stenotic depths. Factors such as blood viscosity, density and its non-Newtonian behaviour due to red blood cells are considered. FSI analysis extends CFD by including the interaction between blood flow and deformable (elastic) arterial walls, accounting for the arterial mechanical properties and the flow-induced pressure changes. Here we do not consider the two-way case where deformation in turn affects the flow, only the one-way case where the blood flow distorts the arterial wall. This approach allows for deeper insight into the interaction between rheological blood flow and elastic arterial walls which aids in highlighting high stress zones, recirculation and hemodynamic impedance of potential use in identifying rupture or plaque formation, contributing significantly to the management and prevention of CVDs. The novelties of the present study are the simultaneous consideration of rigorous visualization of hemodynamic characteristics for a wide range of stenotic depths of direct relevance to patient-specific conditions (both diastolic and systolic phases are included), inclusion of non-Newtonian (Carreau shear-thinning) bio-rheology, multiple arterial curvatures, and also flow-structural interaction analysis. Previous studies have invariably considered only aspects of these multiple features. This article therefore generalizes and significantly extends previous studies and will be of benefit to clinicians and other researchers engaged in computational medical fluid dynamics.

Citation

Kuharat, S., Chaudhry, M. A., Anwar Bég, O., & Bég, T. A. (in press). COMPUTATIONAL HEMODYNAMIC NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION SIMULATION IN A CURVED STENOTIC ARTERY. #Journal not on list,

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 30, 2024
• Deposit Date: Oct 2, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 2, 2024
• Journal: European Mechanical Science
• Electronic ISSN: 2587-1110
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Keywords: CFD; Monolithic FSI; hemodynamics; stenotic; non-Newtonian Carreau model