Long non-coding RNAs and their potential impact on diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in prostate cancer: Racial, ethnic, and geographical considerations

Morgan, Rebecca; Abraham da Silveira, Willian; Christopher Kelly, Ryan; Overton, Ian; Allott, Emma H.; Hardiman, Gary

Abstract

Introduction: Advances in high-throughput sequencing have greatly advanced our understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in a relatively short period of time. This has expanded our knowledge of cancer, particularly how lncRNAs drive many important cancer phenotypes via their regulation of gene expression.

Areas covered: Men of African descent are disproportionately affected by PC in terms of incidence, morbidity, and mortality. LncRNAs could serve as biomarkers to differentiate low-risk from high-risk diseases. Additionally, they may represent therapeutic targets for advanced and castrate-resistant cancer. We review current research surrounding lncRNAs and their association with PC. We discuss how lncRNAs can provide new insights and diagnostic biomarkers for African American men. Finally, we review advances in computational approaches that predict the regulatory effects of lncRNAs in cancer.

Expert opinion: PC diagnostic biomarkers that offer high specificity and sensitivity are urgently needed. PC specific lncRNAs are compelling as diagnostic biomarkers owing to their high tissue and tumor specificity and presence in bodily fluids. Recent studies indicate that PCA3 clinical utility might be restricted to men of European descent. Further work is required to develop lncRNA biomarkers tailored for men of African descent.

Citation

Morgan, R., Abraham da Silveira, W., Christopher Kelly, R., Overton, I., Allott, E. H., & Hardiman, G. (2021). Long non-coding RNAs and their potential impact on diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in prostate cancer: Racial, ethnic, and geographical considerations. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 21(12), 1257-1271. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2021.1996227

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 18, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Nov 25, 2021
• Publication Date: Oct 19, 2021
• Deposit Date: Oct 25, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 28, 2024
• Journal: Expert review of molecular diagnostics
• Print ISSN: 1473-7159
• Electronic ISSN: 1744-8352
• Publisher: Taylor and Francis
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 21
• Issue: 12
• Pages: 1257-1271
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2021.1996227
• PMID: 34666586
• Additional Information: Peer Review Statement: The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.; Aim & Scope: http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=iero20; Received: 2021-02-24; Accepted: 2021-10-18; Published: 2021-11-25