Decarbonised energy efficient and sustainable routing protocol for underwater communication

Saleh, Muhsin Hassanu; Takruri, Haifa

Abstract

Underwater sensor network comprises of devices such as autonomous vehicles and sensor nodes which depend on battery for their survival. Nowadays lithium batteries have emerged as one of the technological advancements used by devices to survive for a particular period while carrying out a specific task. Sensor nodes involved in underwater communication process are lithium battery dependent which makes it burdensome to replace or recharge. However, in the era of net-zero there is a significant energy and material cost associated with the manufacturing of lithium batteries, which in turn help in raising the embedded carbon emission known as carbon footprints. The communication procedure between these sensor nodes relies on routing to be able to transfer information from bottom to surface of the water. Scale in terms of network size plays an important role in energy preservation among sensor nodes by assessing the volume of communication to the surface of the water. As a result, this paper proposes sustainable energy efficient routing protocol for underwater communication. The proposed technique will help in minimizing energy consumption in the process of route selection thereby helping the sensor nodes to consume less energy and get prolonged in the communication process. The proposed routing protocol was simulated against other conventional routing protocols. Simulation result shows the proposed routing technique performs better in terms of energy consumption and packet delivery ratio for different number of nodes there by contributing to low carbon emission which raises the carbon footprint due to sensor nodes batteries production by factories.

• Presentation Conference Type: Conference Paper (published)
• Conference Name: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Computing (ICOCO)
• Start Date: Dec 12, 2024
• Acceptance Date: Dec 12, 2024
• Publication Date: Dec 12, 2024
• Deposit Date: Apr 15, 2025
• Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Pages: 243-248
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/icoco62848.2024.10928250