Performance Analysis of Different Shape Planner Inverted F Antenna for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Kassahun, Ermias; Hussein, Muthana Naser; Ghali Sabea, Asmaa; Alemneh, Eskeziyaw; Salau, Ayodeji Olalekan; Lucky Braide, Sepiribo; Buhari, Murtala Aminu

Abstract

This paper proposes a Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), with evaluations of different shapes and sizes. In this design, we evaluated the performance of the PIFA antenna with varying pin heights, widths, and spacing to determine the optimal performance for drone communication. The small dimensions of antenna make it an ideal choice for drone applications. This emerges that obtaining an extensive PIFA depends substantially on feeding plate length. Operating frequency is main effect of PIFA on UAV drone application to calculate the directivity, gain, efficiency, and return loss. Studying the impact PIFA on UAV by varying parameter leads to a more effective for wireless communication system. The controlled variables in a MATLAB and COMSOL simulation scenario are the operating frequency and feed location, whereas the measured variables are gain, directivity, and return loss. The simulation setup is done using MATLAB with COMSOL Multiphysics. For UAV communication systems, keep the target operating frequency constant is 2.4 GHz - 5.8 GHz. This study examines the impact of shape variations, pin height, hole size, and width. The simulation results show that a 25% of hole size has the lowest return loss compared to 50%and 75%. Additionally, a 25% of spacing size offers more directivity than a 50% of spacing size, and increasing the pin height tends to reduce antenna gain. Keywords: PIFA, UAV, COMSOL, Communication System

• Presentation Conference Type: Conference Paper (published)
• Conference Name: 2024 IEEE 5th International Conference on Electro-Computing Technologies for Humanity (NIGERCON)
• Start Date: Nov 26, 2024
• Acceptance Date: Nov 26, 2024
• Publication Date: Mar 24, 2025
• Deposit Date: Jul 3, 2025
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/nigercon62786.2024.10926952