Alcohol, calories, and obesity: A rapid systematic review and meta‐analysis of consumer knowledge, support, and behavioral effects of energy labeling on alcoholic drinks

Robinson, Eric; Humphreys, Gabrielle; Jones, Andrew

Abstract

Mandatory energy (calorie) labeling of alcoholic drinks is a public health measure that could be used to address both alcohol consumption and obesity. We systematically reviewed studies examining consumer knowledge of the energy content of alcoholic drinks, public support for energy labeling, and the effect of energy labeling of alcoholic drinks on consumption behavior. Eighteen studies were included. Among studies examining consumer knowledge of the energy content of alcoholic drinks (N = 8) and support for energy labeling (N = 9), there was moderate evidence that people are unaware of the energy content of alcoholic drinks (pooled estimate: 74% [95% CI: 64%–82%] of participants inaccurate) and support energy labeling (pooled estimate: 64% [95% CI: 53%–73%] of participants support policy). Six studies examined the effect of energy labeling on consumption behavior. In these studies, there was no evidence of a beneficial effect of labeling on alcohol drinking-related outcome measures. However, the majority of studies were of low methodological quality and used proxy outcome measures, and none of the studies were conducted in real-world settings, resulting in a very low level of evidence and high degree of uncertainty. Further research is required to determine whether energy labeling of alcoholic drinks is likely to be an effective public health policy.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Feb 2, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Feb 2, 2021
• Publication Date: 2021-06
• Deposit Date: Jun 3, 2025
• Journal: Obesity Reviews
• Print ISSN: 1467-7881
• Electronic ISSN: 1467-789X
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 22
• Issue: 6
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13198
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/obr.13198
• Additional Information: Received: 2020-09-02; Accepted: 2020-12-05; Published: 2021-02-02