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Comparison of linear acceleration from three measurement systems during “reach & grasp” (2007)
Journal Article
Thies, S., Tresadern, P., Kenney, L., Howard, D., Goulermas, J., Smith, C., & Rigby, J. (2007). Comparison of linear acceleration from three measurement systems during “reach & grasp”. Medical Engineering and Physics, 29(9), 967-972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2006.10.012

Given the increased use of accelerometers in movement analysis, validation of such inertial sensors against conventional 3D camera systems and performance comparisons of different sensors have become important topics in biomechanics. This paper evalu... Read More about Comparison of linear acceleration from three measurement systems during “reach & grasp”.

Automated design of robust discriminant analysis classifier for foot pressure lesions using kinematic data (2005)
Journal Article
Goulermas, J., Findlow, A., Nester, C., Howard, D., & Bowker, P. (2005). Automated design of robust discriminant analysis classifier for foot pressure lesions using kinematic data. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 52(9), 1549-1562. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2005.851519

In the recent years, the use of motion tracking systems for acquisition of functional biomechanical gait data, has received increasing interest due to the richness and accuracy of the measured kinematic information. However, costs frequently restrict... Read More about Automated design of robust discriminant analysis classifier for foot pressure lesions using kinematic data.

Finite element analysis of footwear and ground interaction (2005)
Journal Article
Sun, Z., Howard, D., & Moatamedi, M. (2005). Finite element analysis of footwear and ground interaction. Strain, 41(3), 113-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.2005.00205.x

Military boots are designed to prevent the soft tissue and skeletal structure of the feet from damage under heavy usage. Good slip-resistant tread patterns of the outer-sole are vital to minimise the risk or severity of slipping under demanding condi... Read More about Finite element analysis of footwear and ground interaction.

Dynamic analysis of load carriage biomechanics during level walking (2005)
Journal Article
Ren, L., Jones, R., & Howard, D. (2005). Dynamic analysis of load carriage biomechanics during level walking. Journal of Biomechanics, 38(4), 853-863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.04.030

This paper describes an investigation into the biomechanical effects of load carriage dynamics on human locomotion performance. A whole body, inverse dynamics gait model has been developed which uses only kinematic input data to define the gait cycle... Read More about Dynamic analysis of load carriage biomechanics during level walking.

The design, development and evaluation of an array-based FES system with automated setup for the correction of drop foot (2002)
Presentation / Conference
Kenney, L., Heller, B., Barker, A., Reeves, M., Healey, J., Good, T., …Howard, D. (2002, August). The design, development and evaluation of an array-based FES system with automated setup for the correction of drop foot. Presented at 9th IFAC Symposium on Biological and Medical Systems, Berlin, Germany, Berlin, Germany

Functional electrical stimulation has been shown to be a safe and effective means of correcting drop foot of central neurological origin. However, despite recent technological advances, the set-up of surface stimulators remains a challenge for many... Read More about The design, development and evaluation of an array-based FES system with automated setup for the correction of drop foot.

A comparison of feature extraction methods for the classification of dynamic activities from accelerometer data
Journal Article
Preece, S., Goulermas, J., Kenney, L., & Howard, D. A comparison of feature extraction methods for the classification of dynamic activities from accelerometer data. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 56, 871-879

Driven by the demands on healthcare resulting from the shift toward more sedentary lifestyles, considerable effort has been devoted to the monitoring and classification of human activity. In previous studies, various classification schemes and featur... Read More about A comparison of feature extraction methods for the classification of dynamic activities from accelerometer data.

Predicting lower limb joint kinematics using wearable motion sensors
Journal Article
Findlow, A., GOULERMAS, J., Nester, C., Howard, D., & Kenney, L. Predicting lower limb joint kinematics using wearable motion sensors. Gait & Posture, 28(1), 120-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.11.001

The aim of this study was to estimate sagittal plane ankle, knee and hip gait kinematics using 3D angular velocity and linear acceleration data from motion sensors on the foot and shank. We explored the accuracy of intra-subject predictions (i.e., wh... Read More about Predicting lower limb joint kinematics using wearable motion sensors.

Whole body inverse dynamics over a complete gait cycle based only on measured kinematics
Journal Article
Ren, L., Jones, R., & Howard, D. Whole body inverse dynamics over a complete gait cycle based only on measured kinematics. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(12), 2750-2759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.06.001

This paper presents a three-dimensional (3D) whole body multi-segment model for inverse dynamics analysis over a complete gait cycle, based only on measured kinematic data. The sequence of inverse dynamics calculations differs significantly from the... Read More about Whole body inverse dynamics over a complete gait cycle based only on measured kinematics.

A model to predict setup time for a novel upper limb FES system
Presentation / Conference
Smith, C., Kenney, L., Howard, D., Hardiker, N., Waring, K., Sun, M., & Luckie, H. A model to predict setup time for a novel upper limb FES system. Poster presented at Fifth Conference of the UK and Ireland Chapter of the International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society (UKRI-IFESS), Sheffield, UK

A novel energy storage and return prosthetic ankle using cams and miniature hydraulics
Journal Article
Pace, A., Gardiner, J., Kenney, L., & Howard, D. (in press). A novel energy storage and return prosthetic ankle using cams and miniature hydraulics. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering,

A novel design for an energy-storage-and-return (ESR) prosthetic ankle is described, based on simple miniature hydraulics. The aim is to overcome the weaknesses of prosthetic feet currently on the market and also previous research attempts, which are... Read More about A novel energy storage and return prosthetic ankle using cams and miniature hydraulics.