Finite element computation of magneto-hemodynamic flow and heat transfer in a bifurcated artery with saccular aneurysm using the Carreau-Yasuda biorheological model

Dubey, A; Vasu, B; Beg, OA; Gorla, RSR

Abstract

Existing computational fluid dynamics studies of blood flows have
demonstrated that the lower wall stress and higher oscillatory shear index might be the cause
of acceleration in atherogenesis of vascular walls in hemodynamics. To prevent the chances of
aneurysm wall rupture in the saccular aneurysm at distal aortic bifurcation, clinical biomagnetic
studies have shown that extra-corporeal magnetic fields can be deployed to regulate the blood
flow. Motivated by these developments, in the current study a finite element computational
fluid dynamics simulation has been conducted of unsteady two-dimensional non-Newtonian
magneto-hemodynamic heat transfer in electrically conducting blood flow in a bifurcated artery
featuring a saccular aneurysm. The fluid flow is assumed to be pulsatile, non-Newtonian and
incompressible. The Carreau-Yasuda model is adopted for blood to mimic non-Newtonian
characteristics. The transformed equations with appropriate boundary conditions are solved
numerically by employing the finite element method with the variational approach in the
FreeFEM++ code. Hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics are elucidated in detail for the
effects of key non-dimensional parameters i. e. Reynolds number (Re = 14, 21, 100, 200),
Prandtl number (Pr = 14, 21) and magnetic body force parameter (Hartmann number) (M =
0.6, 1.2, 1.5) at the aneurysm and throughout the arterial domain. The influence of vessel
geometry on blood flow characteristics i. e. velocity, pressure and temperature fields are also
visualized through instantaneous contour patterns. It is found that an increase in the magnetic
parameter reduces the pressure but increases the skin-friction coefficient in the domain. The temperature decreases at the parent artery (inlet) and both the distant and prior artery with the
increment in the Prandtl number. A higher Reynolds number also causes a reduction in velocity
as well as in pressure. The blood flow shows different characteristic contours with time
variation at the aneurysm as well as in the arterial segment. The novelty of the current research
is therefore to present a combined approach amalgamating the Carreau-Yasuda model, heat
transfer and magnetohydrodynamics with complex geometric features in realistic arterial
hemodynamics with extensive visualization and interpretation, in order to generalize and
extend previous studies. In previous studies these features have been considered separately and
not simultaneously as in the current study. The present simulations reveal some novel features
of biomagnetic hemodynamics in bifurcated arterial transport featuring a saccular aneurysm
which are envisaged to be of relevance in furnishing improved characterization of the
rheological biomagnetic hemodynamics of realistic aneurysmic bifurcations in clinical
assessment, diagnosis and magnetic-assisted treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Citation

Dubey, A., Vasu, B., Beg, O., & Gorla, R. (2021). Finite element computation of magneto-hemodynamic flow and heat transfer in a bifurcated artery with saccular aneurysm using the Carreau-Yasuda biorheological model. Microvascular Research, 138, 104221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104221

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 3, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Jul 13, 2021
• Publication Date: Nov 1, 2021
• Deposit Date: Jul 6, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Jul 13, 2022
• Journal: Microvascular Research
• Print ISSN: 0026-2862
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Volume: 138
• Pages: 104221
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104221
• Publisher URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104221
• Related Public URLs: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/microvascular-research/
• Additional Information: Funders : Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India;Science and Engineering Research Board;Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology; Projects : Computational biofluid dynamics of arterial bifurcations;;ECR/2017/001053; Grant Number: ECR/2017/001053