Finite element analysis of non-Newtonian magnetohemodynamic flow conveying nanoparticles through a stenosed coronary artery

Vasu, B; Dubey, A; Beg, OA

Abstract

The present study considers two-dimensional mathematical modelling of non-Newtonian nanofluid hemodynamics with heat and mass transfer in a stenosed coronary artery in the presence of a radial magnetic field. The second-grade differential viscoelastic constitutive model is adopted for blood to mimic non-Newtonian characteristics and blood is considered to contain a homogenous suspension of nanoparticles. Vogel’s model is employed to simulate the variation of blood viscosity as a function of temperature. The governing equations are an extension of the Navier-Stokes equations with linear Boussinesq’s approximation and Buongiorno’s nanoscale model (which simulates both heat and mass transfer). The conservation equations are normalized by employing appropriate non-dimensional variables. It is assumed that the maximum height of the stenosis is small in comparison with the radius of the artery and furthermore that the radius of the artery and length of the stenotic region are of comparable magnitude. To study the influence of vessel geometry on blood flow and nano-particle transport, variation in the design and size of the stenosis is considered in the domain. The transformed equations are solved numerically by means of the finite element method based on the variational approach and simulated using the FreeFEM++ code. A detailed grid-independence study is included. Blood flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics are examined for the effects of selected geometric, nanoscale, rheological, viscosity and magnetic parameters i.e. stenotic diameter (d), viscoelastic parameter (), thermophoresis parameter (Ni), Brownian motion parameter (Nb) and magnetic body force parameter (M) at the throat of the stenosis and throughout the arterial domain. The velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration fields are also visualized through instantaneous patterns of contours. An increase in magnetic and thermophoresis parameters is found to enhance the temperature, nanoparticle concentration and skin-friction coefficient. Increasing Brownian motion parameter is observed to accelerate the blood flow. Narrower stenosis significantly alters the temperature and nano-particle distributions and magnitudes. The novelty of the study relates to the combination of geometric complexity, multi-physical nanoscale and thermomagnetic behaviour and also the simultaneous presence of bio-rheological behaviour (all of which arise in actual cardiovascular heat transfer phenomena) in a single work with extensive visualization of the flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics. The simulations are relevant to diffusion of nanodrugs in magnetic targeted treatment of stenosed arterial disease.

Citation

Vasu, B., Dubey, A., & Beg, O. (2020). Finite element analysis of non-Newtonian magnetohemodynamic flow conveying nanoparticles through a stenosed coronary artery. Heat Transfer - Asian Research, 49(1), 33-66. https://doi.org/10.1002/htj.21598

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 15, 2019
• Online Publication Date: Oct 9, 2019
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2020
• Deposit Date: Sep 19, 2019
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 9, 2020
• Journal: Heat Transfer - Asian Research
• Print ISSN: 1099-2871
• Electronic ISSN: 1523-1496
• Publisher: Wiley
• Volume: 49
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 33-66
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/htj.21598
• Publisher URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/htj.21598
• Related Public URLs: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15231496
• Additional Information: Projects : Computational nano-pharmacological fluid dynamics