Afshin Pirouzi
Exploring potential storage-based flexibility gains of electric vehicles in smart distribution grids
Pirouzi, Afshin; Aghaei, Jamshid; Pirouzi, Sasan; Vahidinasab, Vahid; Jordehi, Ahmad Rezaee
Authors
Jamshid Aghaei
Sasan Pirouzi
Prof Vahid Vahidinasab V.Vahidinasab@salford.ac.uk
Professor
Ahmad Rezaee Jordehi
Abstract
Flexibility is one of the most important solutions for facilitating the variability of renewable energy sources (RESs) in a distribution network. It is predicted that electric vehicles (EVs) can play an effective role in improving it in the distribution networks. So, this paper presents multi objective scheduling of batteries of EVs in parking lots (EVPLs) to improve the storage-based flexibility of smart distribution networks (SDNs). The proposed formulation minimizes the energy cost and the voltage deviation function and maximizes the system flexibility (SF) as multi objective functions that will be optimized subject to the AC load flow, RES and EV constraints, and the allowable limits of the flexibility and operation indices. The resulting model is in the form of a nonlinear programming (NLP) model. Therefore, an equivalent linear programming (LP) formulation is obtained for the original problem to achieve the global optimum result. The stochastic programming approach is used to model
uncertainties of the load, active power generation of RESs, price of energy, and EV parameters. The flexible power management is formulated as one of the objective functions of the proposed multi objective framework, which is solved by using the ε-constraint method, reaching the best possible compromise solution by a fuzzy
decision-maker. The proposed framework is tested by using a 33-bus radial test distribution network in the GAMS software environment to evaluate the EVs capability in improving the flexibility indices. Based on the numerical results, it is observed that the proposed scheme with optimal energy management of EVs is able to obtain a high flexibility for SDN. It can also reduce energy losses in terms of network operation and provide a rather smooth voltage profile.
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Jun 3, 2022 |
Online Publication Date | Jun 10, 2022 |
Publication Date | Aug 25, 2022 |
Deposit Date | Feb 19, 2025 |
Journal | Journal of Energy Storage |
Print ISSN | 2352-152X |
Electronic ISSN | 2352-1538 |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 52 |
Issue | Part C |
Pages | 105056 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2022.105056 |
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