Rural and residential microgrids: concepts, status quo, model, and application

Akbari, Asghar; Vahidinasab, Vahid; Arasteh, Hamidreza; Kazemi-Robati, Ehsan

Abstract

Present-day electricity systems are moving toward decentralization, decarbonization, and democratization, which are known as the three 3Ds. Deregulation and digitalization are other important characteristics, which have arisen because of the active role of the demand-side participants and the vast deployment of digital systems. The set of the characteristics noted for the electricity system transformation—which could be called the five Ds—are of great interest worldwide. The current priorities for decarbonization, the security of supply, affordability, flexibility, and accessibility together with the advancement in technology and digitalization are the main drivers of the five D evolution.
The microgrid (MG) as a flexible solution for the deployment of distributed energy resources, is a promising direction from which to approach the five D goals. MGs can be developed as a viable solution to fight energy poverty and to support those who live under energy poverty.
In this chapter a model is introduced for the power and energy management of rural and residential MGs in grid-connected and islanded modes. The main goal of the presented problem is to minimize the relevant cost terms. A bilevel framework is presented, and a model based on the Benders decomposition is developed to solve the problem. In the proposed model, the grid-connected mode is considered the master problem, while the islanded mode is the subproblem. The objective of the master problem is to minimize the cost terms, and the objective of the subproblem is to examine the adequacy of the generation and provide a reliable supply in the islanded mode. Hence using the proposed problem could provide operational advantages, as well as improvements regarding the computational time to optimize the complicated problems.

• Publication Date: 2022
• Deposit Date: Mar 3, 2025
• Peer Reviewed: Not Peer Reviewed
• Pages: 131-161
• Series Title: Residential Microgrids and Rural Electrifications
• ISBN: 9780323901772
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-90177-2.00007-4