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A taxonomy for software voting algorithms used in safety-critical systems (2004)
Journal Article
Latif-Shabgahi, G., Bass, J., & Bennett, S. (2004). A taxonomy for software voting algorithms used in safety-critical systems. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 53(3), https://doi.org/10.1109/TR.2004.832819

Voting algorithms are used to provide an error masking capability in a wide range of highly dependable commercial & research applications. These applications include N-Modular Redundant hardware systems and diversely designed software systems based o... Read More about A taxonomy for software voting algorithms used in safety-critical systems.

Multiple error filtering in cyclic systems (2004)
Journal Article
Latif-Shabgahi, G., Bass, J., & Bennett, S. (2004). Multiple error filtering in cyclic systems. Computer Journal, 47(3), 299-308. https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/47.3.299

Voting algorithms are used to arbitrate between the variant results in fault-tolerant systems. Traditional voters produce incorrect outputs in multiple error conditions. This paper introduces a class of voters, called predictor voters, which can reso... Read More about Multiple error filtering in cyclic systems.

Smoothing voter: A novel voting algorithm for handling multiple errors in fault-tolerant control systems (2003)
Journal Article
Latif-Shabgahi, G., Bennett, S., & Bass, J. (2003). Smoothing voter: A novel voting algorithm for handling multiple errors in fault-tolerant control systems. Microprocessors and Microsystems, 27(7), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-9331%2803%2900040-1

Voting algorithms are used to arbitrate between variant results in a wide range of highly dependable real-time control applications. These applications include N-Modular Redundant hardware systems and diversely designed software systems based on N-Ve... Read More about Smoothing voter: A novel voting algorithm for handling multiple errors in fault-tolerant control systems.

Component-oriented voter model for dependable control applications (2001)
Journal Article
Latif-Shabgahi, G., Bass, J., & Bennett, S. (2001). Component-oriented voter model for dependable control applications. Microprocessors and Microsystems, 25(3), 167-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-9331%2801%2900109-0

In many industrial applications arbitration between redundant subsystems using voting algorithms is popular. Many voting strategies, implemented in hardware or software, have been proposed of which majority and median voters have been widely used in... Read More about Component-oriented voter model for dependable control applications.

Simulation of a component-oriented voter library for dependable control applications (1998)
Conference Proceeding
Latif-Shabgahi, G., Bass, J., & Bennett, S. (1998). Simulation of a component-oriented voter library for dependable control applications. . https://doi.org/10.1109/EURMIC.1998.711829

Control systems are required to meet increasingly stringent reliability and safety constraints. In many industrial applications, arbitration between redundant subsystems using voting algorithms is popular. Many voting strategies implemented in hardwa... Read More about Simulation of a component-oriented voter library for dependable control applications.