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Psychophysiological indices of cognitive style : a triangulated study incorporating neuroimaging, eye-tracking, psychometric and behavioral measures

Bendall, RCA; Lambert, S; Galpin, AJ; Marrow, LP; Cassidy, SF

Psychophysiological indices of cognitive style : a triangulated study incorporating neuroimaging, eye-tracking, psychometric and behavioral measures Thumbnail


Authors

S Lambert



Abstract

Employing a triangulated design to explore psychophysiological indices of cognitive style, the study investigated the validity of the intuition-analysis dimension of cognitive style and its associated construct measure, the Cognitive Style Index (CSI). Participants completed a comparative visual search (CVS) task whilst changes in hemodynamic concentrations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were monitored using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and eye movements were recorded together with task performance measures of response time and accuracy. Results revealed significant style-related differences in response time and number of saccades. Analysts were characterized by fewer saccadic eye movements and quicker response times - but with comparable accuracy scores - compared to intuitives, suggesting a more efficient visual search strategy and decision-making style on the experimental task. No style-related differences in neural activation were found, suggesting that differences were not mediated by style-specific variations in brain activation or hemispheric lateralization. Task-evoked neural activation - compared with baseline resting state - represented the value of PFC-based neural activation measures in studies of cognitive processing. Findings demonstrated style-related differences supporting the intuition-analysis dimension of cognitive style and the validity of the CSI as a psychometric measure of style. The potential value of valid psychometric measures of cognitive style in applied areas is highlighted.

Key words: cognitive style, information processing, Cognitive Style Index, functional near-infrared 21 spectroscopy, eye-tracking, neuroimaging, Bayesian statistics

Citation

Bendall, R., Lambert, S., Galpin, A., Marrow, L., & Cassidy, S. (2019). Psychophysiological indices of cognitive style : a triangulated study incorporating neuroimaging, eye-tracking, psychometric and behavioral measures. Personality and Individual Differences, 144, 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.034

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Feb 21, 2019
Online Publication Date Mar 4, 2019
Publication Date Jul 1, 2019
Deposit Date Mar 21, 2019
Publicly Available Date Mar 26, 2019
Journal Personality and Individual Differences
Print ISSN 0191-8869
Publisher Elsevier
Volume 144
Pages 68-78
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.034
Publisher URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.034
Related Public URLs https://www.journals.elsevier.com/personality-and-individual-differences

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