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From sceptic to believer: Acceptability of cognitive muscular therapy TM, a new intervention for knee osteoarthritis (2023)
Journal Article
Ghio, D., Brookes, N., Preece, S., & Walsh, N. (in press). From sceptic to believer: Acceptability of cognitive muscular therapy TM, a new intervention for knee osteoarthritis. Musculoskeletal Care, https://doi.org/10.1002/msc.1842

Background: Cognitive Muscular TherapyTM (CMT) is an integrated behavioural intervention developed for knee osteoarthritis. CMT teaches patients to reconceptualise the condition, integrates muscle biofeedback and aims to reduce muscle overactivity, b... Read More about From sceptic to believer: Acceptability of cognitive muscular therapy TM, a new intervention for knee osteoarthritis.

Individuals with knee osteoarthritis demonstrate increased passive stiffness of the hip flexor muscles (2023)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Alghamdi, W., & Jones, R. (2023). Individuals with knee osteoarthritis demonstrate increased passive stiffness of the hip flexor muscles. ˜The œKnee (Amsterdam. Online), 41, 302-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2023.01.007

Background: People with knee osteoarthritis stand and walk with increased trunk flexion. This altered postural alignment will increase hamstring activation, elevating mechanical knee loads during walking. Increased hip flexor stiffness may lead to in... Read More about Individuals with knee osteoarthritis demonstrate increased passive stiffness of the hip flexor muscles.

Increased trunk flexion may underlie elevated knee flexor activity in people with knee osteoarthritis (2021)
Journal Article
Preece, S., & Alghamdi, W. (2021). Increased trunk flexion may underlie elevated knee flexor activity in people with knee osteoarthritis. ˜The œKnee (Amsterdam. Online), 33, 216-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2021.10.006

Background: Previous research has demonstrated elevated activation of the knee flexor muscles in people with knee osteoarthritis. People with this condition have also been observed to walk with increased trunk flexion; this may alter biomechanical lo... Read More about Increased trunk flexion may underlie elevated knee flexor activity in people with knee osteoarthritis.

A new integrated behavioural intervention for knee osteoarthritis : development and pilot study (2021)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Brookes, N., Williams, A., Jones, R., Starbuck, C., Jones, A., & Walsh, N. (2021). A new integrated behavioural intervention for knee osteoarthritis : development and pilot study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 22(1), 526. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04389-0

Background: Exercise-based approaches have been a cornerstone of physiotherapy management of knee osteoarthritis for many years. However, clinical effects are considered small to modest and the need for continued adherence identified as a barrier to... Read More about A new integrated behavioural intervention for knee osteoarthritis : development and pilot study.

Comparison of pelvic tilt before and after hip flexor stretching in healthy adults (2021)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Tan, Y., Alghamdi, T., & Arnall, F. (2021). Comparison of pelvic tilt before and after hip flexor stretching in healthy adults. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 44(4), 289-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2020.09.006

Objectives: An increase in anterior pelvic tilt is often assumed to result from short hip flexor muscles. Such altered postural alignment may increase the stress on the lumbar spine and has been shown to be a characteristic of specific low back pain... Read More about Comparison of pelvic tilt before and after hip flexor stretching in healthy adults.

Kinematic characteristics of male runners with a history of recurrent calf muscle strain injury (2021)
Journal Article
Bramah, C., Preece, S., Gill, N., & Herrington, L. (2021). Kinematic characteristics of male runners with a history of recurrent calf muscle strain injury. International journal of sports physical therapy, 16(3), 732-740. https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.22971

Background: Calf muscle strain injuries are a common running injury affecting male runners and are known to have high reoccurrence rates. Currently, limited evidence exists investigating factors associated with this injury with no previous study inve... Read More about Kinematic characteristics of male runners with a history of recurrent calf muscle strain injury.

The between-day repeatability, standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change for discrete kinematic parameters during treadmill running (2021)
Journal Article
Bramah, C., Preece, S., Gill, N., & Herrington, L. (2021). The between-day repeatability, standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change for discrete kinematic parameters during treadmill running. Gait & Posture, 85, 211-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.12.032

Background: Kinematic parameters of the trunk, pelvis and lower limbs are frequently associated with both running injuries and performance, and the target of clinical interventions. Currently there is limited evidence reporting the between-day repeat... Read More about The between-day repeatability, standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change for discrete kinematic parameters during treadmill running.

The association between running kinematics and common overuse injuries in runners : implications for injury and rehabilitation (2020)
Thesis
Bramah, C. The association between running kinematics and common overuse injuries in runners : implications for injury and rehabilitation. (Thesis). University of Salford

Background: Running related injuries are influenced by a complex interaction between multiple factors. Running kinematic patterns represent one such factor which will influence the load applied to musculoskeletal structures during each foot contact o... Read More about The association between running kinematics and common overuse injuries in runners : implications for injury and rehabilitation.

Prolonged sitting and physical inactivity are associated with limited hip extension : a cross-sectional study (2020)
Journal Article
Boukabache, A., Preece, S., & Brookes, N. (2021). Prolonged sitting and physical inactivity are associated with limited hip extension : a cross-sectional study. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 51, 102282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102282

Background: It is possible that physical inactivity and prolonged sitting could lead to changes in muscle properties or bony limitations which may reduce passive hip extension. Objectives: This study explored the association between passive hip ext... Read More about Prolonged sitting and physical inactivity are associated with limited hip extension : a cross-sectional study.

The effect of increasing trunk flexion during normal walking (2020)
Journal Article
Preece, S., & Alghamdi, W. (2021). The effect of increasing trunk flexion during normal walking. Gait & Posture, 83, 250-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.10.021

Background: The head, arms and trunk segment constitute a large proportion of the body’s mass. Therefore, small alterations in trunk inclination may affect lower limb joint moments and muscle activation patterns. Although previous research has invest... Read More about The effect of increasing trunk flexion during normal walking.

Between-day repeatability of lower limb EMG measurement during running and walking (2020)
Journal Article
Elsais, W., Preece, S., Jones, R., & Herrington, L. (2020). Between-day repeatability of lower limb EMG measurement during running and walking. Journal of Electro - myography and Kinesiology, 55, 102473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102473

There are minimal data describing the between-day repeatability of EMG measurements during running. Furthermore, there are no data characterising the repeatability of surface EMG measurement from the adductor muscles, during running or walking. The p... Read More about Between-day repeatability of lower limb EMG measurement during running and walking.

The performance of an algorithm for classifying gym-based tasks across individuals with different body mass index (2020)
Journal Article
Gerrard-Longworth, S., Preece, S., Clarke-Cornwell, A., & Goulermas, Y. (2020). The performance of an algorithm for classifying gym-based tasks across individuals with different body mass index. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 24(4), 282-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2020.1815749

Previous activity classification studies have typically been performed on normal weight individuals. Therefore, it is unclear whether a generic classification algorithm could be developed that would perform consistently across individuals who fall wi... Read More about The performance of an algorithm for classifying gym-based tasks across individuals with different body mass index.

Could relative movement between the adductor muscles and the skin invalidate surface electromyography measurement? (2020)
Journal Article
Elsais, W., Preece, S., Jones, R., & Herrington, L. (2020). Could relative movement between the adductor muscles and the skin invalidate surface electromyography measurement?. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 36(5), 319-325. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2019-0299

The superficial hip adductor muscles are situated in close proximity to each other. Therefore, relative movement between the overlying skin and the muscle belly could lead to a shift in the position of surface electromyography (EMG) electrodes and co... Read More about Could relative movement between the adductor muscles and the skin invalidate surface electromyography measurement?.

Using the spring-mass model for running : force-length curves and foot-strike patterns (2020)
Journal Article
Gill, N., Preece, S., & Baker, R. (2020). Using the spring-mass model for running : force-length curves and foot-strike patterns. Gait & Posture, 80, 318-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.06.023

Background: The spring-mass model is commonly used to investigate the mechanical characteristics of human running. Underlying this model is the assumption of a linear force-length relationship, during the stance phase of running, and the idea that... Read More about Using the spring-mass model for running : force-length curves and foot-strike patterns.

How does normal variability in trunk flexion affect lower limb muscle activity during walking? (2020)
Journal Article
Alghamdi, W., & Preece, S. (2020). How does normal variability in trunk flexion affect lower limb muscle activity during walking?. Human Movement Science, 72, 102630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2020.102630

A large proportion of the mass of the body is contained within the trunk segment. Therefore, small changes in the inclination of this segment have the potential to influence the direction of the ground reaction force and alter lower limb joint moment... Read More about How does normal variability in trunk flexion affect lower limb muscle activity during walking?.

A 10% increase in step rate improves running kinematics and clinical outcomes in runners with patellofemoral pain at 4 weeks and 3 months (2019)
Journal Article
Bramah, C., Preece, S., Gill, N., & Herrington, L. (2019). A 10% increase in step rate improves running kinematics and clinical outcomes in runners with patellofemoral pain at 4 weeks and 3 months. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 47(14), 3406-3413. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546519879693

Background: Aberrant frontal plane hip and pelvis kinematics have been frequently observed in runners with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Gait retaining interventions have been shown to improve running kinematics and may therefore be beneficial in runner... Read More about A 10% increase in step rate improves running kinematics and clinical outcomes in runners with patellofemoral pain at 4 weeks and 3 months.

Video Rasterstereography of the spine and pelvis in eight erect positions : a reliability study (2019)
Journal Article
Alzyoud, K., Hogg, P., Snaith, B., Preece, S., & England, A. (2020). Video Rasterstereography of the spine and pelvis in eight erect positions : a reliability study. Radiography, 26(1), e7-e13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2019.06.002

Introduction To investigate the reliability and variability of Video Rasterstereography (VR) measurements of the spine and pelvis, for eight proposed standing postures, in order to help define an optimal standing position for erect pelvis radiogr... Read More about Video Rasterstereography of the spine and pelvis in eight erect positions : a reliability study.

Trunk flexion during walking in people with knee osteoarthritis (2019)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Preece, A., & Jones, R. (2019). Trunk flexion during walking in people with knee osteoarthritis. Gait & Posture, 72, 202-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.06.012

BACKGROUND: Over 50% of the body's mass is concentrated within the head, arms and trunk. Thus, small deviations in the orientation of the trunk, during normal walking, could influence the position of the centre of mass relative to the lower limb joi... Read More about Trunk flexion during walking in people with knee osteoarthritis.

Evaluation of orthotic insoles for people with diabetes who are at-risk of first ulceration (2019)
Journal Article
Martinez-Santos, A., Preece, S., & Nester, C. (2019). Evaluation of orthotic insoles for people with diabetes who are at-risk of first ulceration. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 12(35), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-019-0344-z

Objective This study focussed on pressure relieving orthotic insoles designed for retail footwear and people with diabetes and at risk of first forefoot ulceration. The aim was to investigate whether the pressure relieving effects of a customised m... Read More about Evaluation of orthotic insoles for people with diabetes who are at-risk of first ulceration.

Perceived benefits, rationale and preferences of exercises utilized within Pilates group exercise programmes for people with chronic musculoskeletal conditions : a questionnaire of Pilates‐trained physiotherapists (2019)
Journal Article
Gaskell, L., Williams, A., & Preece, S. (2019). Perceived benefits, rationale and preferences of exercises utilized within Pilates group exercise programmes for people with chronic musculoskeletal conditions : a questionnaire of Pilates‐trained physiotherapists. Musculoskeletal Care, 17(3), 206-214. https://doi.org/10.1002/msc.1402

Introduction: An estimated 29% of the population, around 17.8 million people, live with a musculoskeletal condition in the UK. Pilates exercise has positive benefits, including reducing pain and disability for people with musculoskeletal conditio... Read More about Perceived benefits, rationale and preferences of exercises utilized within Pilates group exercise programmes for people with chronic musculoskeletal conditions : a questionnaire of Pilates‐trained physiotherapists.

An investigation into the effects of, and interaction between, heel height and shoe upper stiffness on plantar pressure and comfort (2019)
Journal Article
Melvin, J., Price, C., Preece, S., Nester, C., & Howard, D. (2019). An investigation into the effects of, and interaction between, heel height and shoe upper stiffness on plantar pressure and comfort. Footwear Science, 11(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2018.1555862

High heeled shoes remain popular, nevertheless it is not clear what influence manipulating characteristics of this footwear has on their functioning. It is accepted that shoe features other than heel height can affect plantar pressures. However, few... Read More about An investigation into the effects of, and interaction between, heel height and shoe upper stiffness on plantar pressure and comfort.

The biomechanical characteristics of high-performance endurance running (2018)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Bramah, C., & Mason, D. (2019). The biomechanical characteristics of high-performance endurance running. European Journal of Sport Science, 19(6), 784-792. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1554707

The biomechanical profile of high-level endurance runners may represent a useful model that could be used for developing training programmes designed to improve running style. This study, therefore, sought to compare the biomechanical characteristics... Read More about The biomechanical characteristics of high-performance endurance running.

The biomechanical effect of trunk inclination on joint moments and muscle activation in people with knee osteoarthritis (2018)
Thesis
Algarni, A. (in press). The biomechanical effect of trunk inclination on joint moments and muscle activation in people with knee osteoarthritis. (Thesis). University of Salford

Knee osteoarthritis is a progressive disease, which is associated with pain, stiffness and disability. Previous research has demonstrated that the progression of knee OA is influenced by numerous biomechanical factors, which will affect the loading o... Read More about The biomechanical effect of trunk inclination on joint moments and muscle activation in people with knee osteoarthritis.

Is there a pathological gait associated with common soft tissue running injuries? (2018)
Journal Article
Bramah, C., Preece, S., Gill, N., & Herrington, L. (2018). Is there a pathological gait associated with common soft tissue running injuries?. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 46(12), 3023-3031. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546518793657

Background: Previous research has demonstrated clear associations between specific running injuries and patterns of lower limb kinematics. However, there has been minimal research investigating whether the same kinematic patterns could underlie multi... Read More about Is there a pathological gait associated with common soft tissue running injuries?.

Is there a minimum complexity required for the biomechanical modelling of running? (2018)
Journal Article
Gill, N., Preece, S., & Baker, R. (2018). Is there a minimum complexity required for the biomechanical modelling of running?. Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express, 4, 055016. https://doi.org/10.1088/2057-1976/aad747

Mathematical models have the potential to provide insight into human running. Existing models can be categorised as either simple or complex, and there appears to be a lack of natural progression in model development. By sequentially adding complexit... Read More about Is there a minimum complexity required for the biomechanical modelling of running?.

Optimisation of rocker sole footwear for prevention of first plantar ulcer : comparison of group-optimised and individually-selected footwear designs (2017)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Chapman, J., Braunstein, B., Brüggemann, G., & Nester, C. (2017). Optimisation of rocker sole footwear for prevention of first plantar ulcer : comparison of group-optimised and individually-selected footwear designs. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 10(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-017-0208-3

Background: Appropriate footwear for individuals with diabetes but no ulceration history could reduce the risk of first ulceration. However, individuals who deem themselves at low risk are unlikely to seek out bespoke footwear which is personalised.... Read More about Optimisation of rocker sole footwear for prevention of first plantar ulcer : comparison of group-optimised and individually-selected footwear designs.

Large scale population assessment of physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study (2017)
Journal Article
Doherty, A., Hammerla, N., Jackson, D., Plötz, T., Olivier, P., Granat, M., …Wareham, N. (2017). Large scale population assessment of physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study. PLoS ONE, 12(2), e0169649. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169649

BACKGROUND: Physical activity has not been objectively measured in prospective cohorts with sufficiently large numbers to reliably detect associations with multiple health outcomes. Technological advances now make this possible. We describe the metho... Read More about Large scale population assessment of physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers: The UK Biobank Study.

Are the arms and head required to accurately estimate centre of mass motion during running? (2016)
Journal Article
Gill, N., Preece, S., Young, S., & Bramah, C. (2017). Are the arms and head required to accurately estimate centre of mass motion during running?. Gait & Posture, 51, 281-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.11.001

Accurate measurement of centre of mass (CoM) motion can provide valuable insight into the biomechanics of human running. However, full-body kinematic measurement protocols can be time consuming and difficult to implement. Therefore, this study was pe... Read More about Are the arms and head required to accurately estimate centre of mass motion during running?.

Reductions in co-contraction following neuromuscular re-education in people with knee osteoarthritis (2016)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Jones, R., Brown, C., Cacciatore, T., & Jones, A. (2016). Reductions in co-contraction following neuromuscular re-education in people with knee osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 17(372), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-016-1209-2

Background Both increased knee muscle co-contraction and alterations in central pain processing have been suggested to play a role in knee osteoarthritis pain. However, current interventions do not target either of these mechanisms. The Alexander... Read More about Reductions in co-contraction following neuromuscular re-education in people with knee osteoarthritis.

Effect of transverse plane alterations in footwear design on lower limb biomechanics during running (2016)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Silvestros, P., & Young, S. (2016). Effect of transverse plane alterations in footwear design on lower limb biomechanics during running. Foot and Ankle Surgery, 22(2), 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2016.05.027

Background Abduction of the forefoot, relative to the rearfoot, is a component of rearfoot pronation. It is therefore feasible that an ill-fitting shoe, which creates a relative abduction of the forefoot, could influence rearfoot motion with a corre... Read More about Effect of transverse plane alterations in footwear design on lower limb biomechanics during running.

How do elite endurance runners alter movements of the spine and pelvis as running speed increases? (2016)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Mason, D., & Bramah, C. (2016). How do elite endurance runners alter movements of the spine and pelvis as running speed increases?. Gait & Posture, 46, 132-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.03.011

Elite endurance runners are characterised by their performance ability and higher running economy. However, there is relatively little research aimed at identifying the biomechanical characteristics of this group. This study aimed to understand how m... Read More about How do elite endurance runners alter movements of the spine and pelvis as running speed increases?.

A marker set for measuring the kinematics of the lumbar spine and thoracic spine during running : a technical note (2016)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Bramah, C., & Mason, D. (2016). A marker set for measuring the kinematics of the lumbar spine and thoracic spine during running : a technical note. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 11(3), 390-396. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2016.113.07

A protocol for tracking the motion of the lumbar spine, which uses seven skin mounted markers, has been adopted in previous studies investigating running. However, this configuration of can be difficult to track with passive motion capture systems. T... Read More about A marker set for measuring the kinematics of the lumbar spine and thoracic spine during running : a technical note.

The coordinated movement of the spine and pelvis during running (2015)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Mason, D., & Bramah, C. (2016). The coordinated movement of the spine and pelvis during running. Human Movement Science, 45, 110-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2015.11.014

Previous research into running has demonstrated consistent patterns in pelvic, lumbar and thoracic motions between different human runners. However, to date, there has been limited attempt to explain why observed coordination patterns emerge and how... Read More about The coordinated movement of the spine and pelvis during running.

Measuring physical activity in obese populations using accelerometry (2015)
Thesis
Gerrard-Longworth, S. (in press). Measuring physical activity in obese populations using accelerometry. (Thesis). University of Salford

The thesis is concerned with objectively measuring human physical activity through accelerometry, and compares the effectiveness of algorithms between obese and non-obese groups. The thesis comprises three studies: Classification of Aerobic and... Read More about Measuring physical activity in obese populations using accelerometry.

Effect of antipronation foot orthosis geometry on compression of heel and arch soft tissues (2015)
Journal Article
Sweeney, D., Nester, C., Preece, S., & Mickle, K. (2015). Effect of antipronation foot orthosis geometry on compression of heel and arch soft tissues. Journal of rehabilitation research and development, 52(5), 543-552. https://doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.12.0306

This study aimed to understand how systematic changes in arch height and two designs of heel wedging affect soft issues under the foot. Soft tissue thickness under the heel and navicular was measured using ultrasound. Heel pad thickness was measure... Read More about Effect of antipronation foot orthosis geometry on compression of heel and arch soft tissues.

Alexander technique and supervised physiotherapy exercises in back pain (ASPEN): a four-group randomised feasibility trial (2014)
Journal Article
Little, P., Stuart, B., Stokes, M., Nicholls, C., Roberts, L., Preece, S., …Smith, P. (2014). Alexander technique and supervised physiotherapy exercises in back pain (ASPEN): a four-group randomised feasibility trial. Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation, 1(2), 1-82. https://doi.org/10.3310/eme01020

Background: The Alexander technique probably helps back pain but it is unclear whether or not it can be combined with physiotherapy exercise classes, how many lessons are needed and what mechanisms might be involved. Objectives: To undertake a fea... Read More about Alexander technique and supervised physiotherapy exercises in back pain (ASPEN): a four-group randomised feasibility trial.

A comparison of kinematic algorithms to estimate gait events during overground running (2014)
Journal Article
Smith, L., Preece, S., Mason, D., & Bramah, C. (2015). A comparison of kinematic algorithms to estimate gait events during overground running. Gait & Posture, 41(1), 39-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.08.009

The gait cycle is frequently divided into two distinct phases, stance and swing, which can be accurately determined from ground reaction force data. In the absence of such data, kinematic algorithms can be used to estimate footstrike and toe-off. The... Read More about A comparison of kinematic algorithms to estimate gait events during overground running.

An investigation into plantar pressure measurement protocols for footwear research (2014)
Journal Article
Melvin, J., Preece, S., Nester, C., & Howard, D. (2014). An investigation into plantar pressure measurement protocols for footwear research. Gait & Posture, 40(4), 682-687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.07.026

Many researchers investigate how footwear design affects plantar pressure (PP) and ask participants to walk in unfamiliar footwear as part of their studies. However, there are no clear guidelines for the required period of time or number of steps a... Read More about An investigation into plantar pressure measurement protocols for footwear research.

Is it possible to predict optimal rocker shoe design using barefoot gait parameters? (2014)
Journal Article
Chapman, J., Preece, S., Nester, C., Braunstein, B., Höhne, A., & Brüggermann, G. (2014). Is it possible to predict optimal rocker shoe design using barefoot gait parameters?. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 7, A65-A65. https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-1146-7-S1-A65

Curved rocker shoes are routinely prescribed for people with diabetes in order reduce in-shoe plantar pressures. However, previous research has shown that different individuals may require different rocker outsole geometries in order to optimise pres... Read More about Is it possible to predict optimal rocker shoe design using barefoot gait parameters?.

Evaluating the effect of apex position and rocker in curved rocker shoes (2014)
Journal Article
Chapman, J., Preece, S., Nester, C., Braunstein, B., Höhne, A., & Brüggermann, G. (2014). Evaluating the effect of apex position and rocker in curved rocker shoes. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 7(S1), A66-A66. https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-1146-7-S1-A66

Curved rocker shoes are designed with a contoured outsole which can be characteristics by three principle design features: rocker angle, apex angle and apex position. Although these shoes are routinely prescribed to reduce in-shoe pressure in patient... Read More about Evaluating the effect of apex position and rocker in curved rocker shoes.

The effect of stroke on foot biomechanics; underlying mechanisms and the functional consequences (2014)
Journal Article
Forghany, S., Nester, C., Tyson, S., Preece, S., & Jones, R. (2014). The effect of stroke on foot biomechanics; underlying mechanisms and the functional consequences. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 7(S1), A18-A18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-1146-7-S1-A18

Although approximately one-third of stroke survivors suffer abnormal foot posture and this can influence mobility [1], there is very little objective information regarding the foot and ankle after stroke.

Reproducibility of kinematic measures of the thoracic spine, lumbar spine and pelvis during fast running (2014)
Journal Article
Mason, D., Preece, S., Bramah, C., & Herrington, L. (2016). Reproducibility of kinematic measures of the thoracic spine, lumbar spine and pelvis during fast running. Gait & Posture, 43, 96-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.11.007

This study evaluated the reproducibility of the angular rotations of the thoracic spine, lumbar, spine, pelvis and lower extremity during running. In addition, the study compared kinematic, reproducibility between two methods for calculating kinemati... Read More about Reproducibility of kinematic measures of the thoracic spine, lumbar spine and pelvis during fast running.

The effect of stroke on foot kinematics and the functional consequences (2014)
Journal Article
Forghany, S., Nester, C., Tyson, S., Preece, S., & Jones, R. (2014). The effect of stroke on foot kinematics and the functional consequences. Gait & Posture, 39(4), 1051-1056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.01.006

Background Although approximately one-third of stroke survivors suffer abnormal foot posture and this can influence mobility, there is very little objective information regarding the foot and ankle after stroke. Objective As part of a programme... Read More about The effect of stroke on foot kinematics and the functional consequences.

Human activity classification using a single accelerometer (2014)
Book Chapter
AlZubi, H., Gerrard-Longworth, S., Al-Nuaimy, W., Goulermas, Y., & Preece, S. (2014). Human activity classification using a single accelerometer. In 2014 14th UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI) (1-6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/UKCI.2014.6930189

Human activity recognition is an area of growing interest facilitated by the current revolution in body-worn sensors. Activity recognition allows applications to construct activity profiles for each subject which could be used effectively for healthc... Read More about Human activity classification using a single accelerometer.

CAD tools for designing shoe lasts for people with diabetes (2013)
Journal Article
Bernabeub, J., Germania, M., Mandolinia, M., Mengonia, M., Nester, C., Preece, S., & Raffaelia, R. (2013). CAD tools for designing shoe lasts for people with diabetes. Computer-Aided Design, 45(6), 977-990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2012.12.005

In the context of a research program aiming at defining a framework to acquire patient data and support the whole shoe design and manufacturing process, this paper presents new CAD tools to design and validate lasts for shoes designed specifically fo... Read More about CAD tools for designing shoe lasts for people with diabetes.

Effect of rocker shoe design features on forefoot plantar pressures in people with and without diabetes (2013)
Journal Article
Chapman, J., Preece, S., Braunstein, B., Höhne, A., Nester, C., Brueggemann, G., & Hutchins, S. (2013). Effect of rocker shoe design features on forefoot plantar pressures in people with and without diabetes. Clinical Biomechanics, 28(6), 679-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.05.005

Background: There is no consensus on the precise rocker shoe outsole design that will optimally reduce plantar pressure in people with diabetes. This study aimed to understand how peak plantar pressure is influenced by systematically varying three de... Read More about Effect of rocker shoe design features on forefoot plantar pressures in people with and without diabetes.

Foot posture after stroke : frequency, nature and clinical significance (2011)
Journal Article
Forghany, S., Tyson, S., Nester, C., Preece, S., & Jones, R. (2011). Foot posture after stroke : frequency, nature and clinical significance. Clinical Rehabilitation, 25(11), 1050-1055. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215511410581

Objectives: clinical convention suggests that foot posture and movements are adversely affected by stroke and cause walking difficulties but there is little objective data to support or refute these beliefs. This study explores static foot posture in... Read More about Foot posture after stroke : frequency, nature and clinical significance.

Automatic identification of gait events using an instrumented sock (2011)
Journal Article
instrumented sock. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 8, 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-8-32

Background: textile-based transducers are an emerging technology in which piezo-resistive properties of materials are used to measure an applied strain. By incorporating these sensors into a sock, this technology offers the potential to detect crit... Read More about Automatic identification of gait events using an instrumented sock.

Early observations of the effects of lateral wedge orthoses on lower limb muscle length and potential for exacerbating spasticity (2010)
Journal Article
spasticity. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 34(3), 319-326. https://doi.org/10.3109/03093646.2010.504976

Lateral wedge orthoses are often prescribed to correct varus deformity after stroke. Spasticity is implicated in varus deformity and is caused by velocity-related muscle length changes, so a lateral wedge may affect spasticity by manipulating foot an... Read More about Early observations of the effects of lateral wedge orthoses on lower limb muscle length and potential for exacerbating spasticity.

Activity identification using body-mounted sensors — a review of classification techniques (2009)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Goulermas, J., Kenney, L., Howard, D., Meijer, K., & Crompton, R. (2009). Activity identification using body-mounted sensors — a review of classification techniques. Physiological Measurement, 30, R1-R33. https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/30/4/R01

With the advent of miniaturized sensing technology, which can be body-worn, it is nowpossible to collect and store data on different aspects of human movement under the conditions of free living. This technology has the potential to be used in automa... Read More about Activity identification using body-mounted sensors — a review of classification techniques.

Reproducibility of MUAP properties in array surface EMG recordings of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle (2009)
Journal Article
Kallenberg, L., Preece, S., Nester, C., & Hermans, H. (2009). Reproducibility of MUAP properties in array surface EMG recordings of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle. Journal of Electro - myography and Kinesiology, 19, e536-e542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2008.11.012

The use of array surface EMG recordings for detailed assessment of motor control and muscle properties is increasing. Motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) and their properties can be extracted from these recordings. The objective of this study was to... Read More about Reproducibility of MUAP properties in array surface EMG recordings of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Variation in pelvic morphology may prevent the identification of anterior pelvic tilt (2008)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Willan, P., Nester, C., Graham-Smith, P., Herrington, L., & Bowker, P. (2008). Variation in pelvic morphology may prevent the identification of anterior pelvic tilt. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy, 113-117

Pelvic tilt is often quantified using the angle between the horizontal and a line connecting the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS). Although this angle is determined by the balance of muscular and liga... Read More about Variation in pelvic morphology may prevent the identification of anterior pelvic tilt.

The influence of gluteus maximus on transverse plane tibial rotation (2008)
Journal Article
Preece, S., Graham-Smith, P., Nester, C., Howard, D., Hermens, H., Herrington, L., & Bowker, P. (2008). The influence of gluteus maximus on transverse plane tibial rotation. Gait & Posture, 27, 616-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.08.007

There is a common clinical belief that transverse plane tibial rotation is controlled by the rearfoot. Although distal structures may influence the motion of the tibia, transverse plane tibial rotation could be determined by the proximal hip musculat... Read More about The influence of gluteus maximus on transverse plane tibial rotation.

Postural, physical and musculoskeletal impacts of children using personal electronic devices
Other
Clark, A., Cooper-Ryan, A., Brown, T., & Preece, S. Postural, physical and musculoskeletal impacts of children using personal electronic devices

This white paper outlines: - Why we are conducting research in this area, including key statistics. - The current evidence surrounding the relationship between MSK pain and discomfort in children and the use of PEDs. - What we are doing abo... Read More about Postural, physical and musculoskeletal impacts of children using personal electronic devices.

Improving the design of the curved rocker shoe for people with diabetes
Thesis
Chapman, J. Improving the design of the curved rocker shoe for people with diabetes. (Thesis). University of Salford

Introduction Foot ulceration and re-ulceration are a serious problem in people with diabetes as the outcome can be lower limb amputation, reducing quality of life and increasing mortality. The pathogenesis of foot ulceration is multifactorial with n... Read More about Improving the design of the curved rocker shoe for people with diabetes.

A comparison of feature extraction methods for the classification of dynamic activities from accelerometer data
Journal Article
Preece, S., Goulermas, J., Kenney, L., & Howard, D. A comparison of feature extraction methods for the classification of dynamic activities from accelerometer data. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 56, 871-879

Driven by the demands on healthcare resulting from the shift toward more sedentary lifestyles, considerable effort has been devoted to the monitoring and classification of human activity. In previous studies, various classification schemes and featur... Read More about A comparison of feature extraction methods for the classification of dynamic activities from accelerometer data.

The relationship between use of personal electronic devices and musculoskeletal pain in children : a systematic review
Presentation / Conference
Clark, A., Cooper-Ryan, A., Brown, T., & Preece, S. The relationship between use of personal electronic devices and musculoskeletal pain in children : a systematic review. Poster presented at Physiotherapy UK CSP Conference 2019, ICC, Birmingham

Purpose Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the adult population have increased over the past ten years. Evidence suggest that this is due to the rapid development and usage of computer technology and personal electronic devices (PEDs). Research has... Read More about The relationship between use of personal electronic devices and musculoskeletal pain in children : a systematic review.