All Outputs (18)

Low temperature pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering technique for single phase β-In2S3 buffer layers for solar cell applications (2017)
Journal Article
Karthikeyan, S., Hill, A., & Pilkington, R. (2017). Low temperature pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering technique for single phase β-In2S3 buffer layers for solar cell applications. Applied Surface Science, 418(A), 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.147

This work explores the possibilities of using the pulsed direct current (dc) magnetron sputtering (PDCMS) process to deposit an alternative to the cadmium sulphide buffer layer in copper indium gallium diselenide – based solar cells. The main problem... Read More about Low temperature pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering technique for single phase β-In2S3 buffer layers for solar cell applications.

The deposition of low temperature sputtered In2O3 films using pulsed d.c. magnetron sputtering from a powder target (2013)
Journal Article
Karthikeyan, S., Hill, A., & Pilkington, R. (2014). The deposition of low temperature sputtered In2O3 films using pulsed d.c. magnetron sputtering from a powder target. Thin Solid Films, 550, 140-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.10.141

Transparent conductive oxide layers are widely used in various applications such as solar cells, touch screen displays, heatable glasses, etc. This present work describes the deposition of transparent and conducting In2O3 films from In2O3 powdered ta... Read More about The deposition of low temperature sputtered In2O3 films using pulsed d.c. magnetron sputtering from a powder target.

Nano-structured morphological features of pulsed direct current magnetron sputtered Mo films for photovoltaic applications (2011)
Journal Article
Karthikeyan, S., Hill, A., & Pilkington, R. (2011). Nano-structured morphological features of pulsed direct current magnetron sputtered Mo films for photovoltaic applications. Thin Solid Films, 520(1), 266-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.07.069

Historically, molybdenum thin films have been used as the back contact for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based solar cells and as such the properties of these layers play an important role in the overall cell structure. This paper describes the production of molybden... Read More about Nano-structured morphological features of pulsed direct current magnetron sputtered Mo films for photovoltaic applications.

Hardness determination of bio-ceramics using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (2011)
Journal Article
Cowpe, J., Moorehead, R., Moser, D., Astin, J., Karthikeyan, S., Kilcoyne, S., …Pilkington, R. (2011). Hardness determination of bio-ceramics using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 66(3-4), 290-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2011.03.007

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied to the analysis of bio-ceramic samples. The relationship between sample hardness and LIBS plasma properties was investigated, with comparison to conventional Vickers hardness measurements. The p... Read More about Hardness determination of bio-ceramics using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Single step deposition method for nearly stoichiometric CuInSe2 thin films (2011)
Journal Article
Karthikeyan, S., Hill, A., Pilkington, R., Cowpe, J., Hisek, J., & Bagnall, D. (2011). Single step deposition method for nearly stoichiometric CuInSe2 thin films. Thin Solid Films, 519(10), 3107-3112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.12.158

This paper reports the production of high quality copper indium diselenide thin films using pulsed DC magnetron sputtering from a powder target. As–grown thin films consisted of pin-hole free, densely packed grains. X–ray diffraction showed that film... Read More about Single step deposition method for nearly stoichiometric CuInSe2 thin films.

The influence of operating parameters on pulsed D.C. magnetron sputtering plasma (2010)
Journal Article
Karthikeyan, S., Hill, A., Cowpe, J., & Pilkington, R. (2010). The influence of operating parameters on pulsed D.C. magnetron sputtering plasma. Vacuum, 85(5), 634-638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2010.09.007

This paper describes the breakdown voltage characteristics in a pulsed D.C. magnetron sputtering system under varying conditions of frequency, current and pulse-off time. The behaviour of the breakdown voltage with pulsing frequency at different pres... Read More about The influence of operating parameters on pulsed D.C. magnetron sputtering plasma.

Trans-Bis(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato-kappa O-2,O ')bis(4-methyl-1,2,3-selenadiazole-kappa N-3)copper(II) (2010)
Journal Article
Boag, N., Jackson, A., Lickiss, P., Pilkington, R., & Redhouse, A. (2010). Trans-Bis(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato-kappa O-2,O ')bis(4-methyl-1,2,3-selenadiazole-kappa N-3)copper(II). Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications, 66(2), M241. https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810001297

In the title compound, [Cu(C5HF6O2)(2)(C3H4N2Se)(2)], the Cu-II atom (site symmetry (1) over bar) is coordinated by two O,O'-bidentate 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione (hp) ligands and two 4-methyl-1,2,3-selenadiazole molecules, resulting in a... Read More about Trans-Bis(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato-kappa O-2,O ')bis(4-methyl-1,2,3-selenadiazole-kappa N-3)copper(II).

The effect of ambient pressure on laser-induced silicon plasma temperature, density and morphology (2009)
Journal Article
silicon plasma temperature, density and morphology. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 42, https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/16/165202

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of silicon was performed using a nanosecond pulsed frequency doubled Nd :YAG (532 nm) laser. The temporal evolution of the laser ablation plumes was characterized under a range of low pressures. Electron densiti... Read More about The effect of ambient pressure on laser-induced silicon plasma temperature, density and morphology.

Swagelok Ultra-Torr based feed-through design for coupling optical fibre bundles into vacuum systems (2008)
Journal Article
optical fibre bundles into vacuum systems. Vacuum, 82, 1341-1343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2008.03.002

We report the design of an inexpensive and flexible fibre-optic bundle high vacuum feed-through that can be constructed from easily available Swagelok Ultra-TorrTM stock parts. The fibre bundle extends through the vacuum envelope and thus does not... Read More about Swagelok Ultra-Torr based feed-through design for coupling optical fibre bundles into vacuum systems.

Temporally resolved laser induced plasma diagnostics of single crystal silicon - effects of ambient pressure (2008)
Journal Article
plasma diagnostics of single crystal silicon - effects of ambient pressure. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 63, 1066-1071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2008.09.007

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of silicon was performed using a nanosecond pulsed frequency doubled Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser. The temporal evolution of the laser ablation plumes in air at atmospheric pressure and at an ambient pressure of ∼10−5... Read More about Temporally resolved laser induced plasma diagnostics of single crystal silicon - effects of ambient pressure.

Application of response surface methodology to laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy : influences of hardware configuration (2007)
Journal Article
Cowpe, J., Astin, J., Pilkington, R., Hill, A., Longson, M., & Robinson, T. (2007). Application of response surface methodology to laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy : influences of hardware configuration. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 62(12), 1335-1342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2007.10.035

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimise LIBS analysis of single crystal silicon at atmospheric pressure and under vacuum conditions (pressure ~10-6mbar). Multivariate analysis software (StatGraphics 5.1) was used to design and an... Read More about Application of response surface methodology to laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy : influences of hardware configuration.

Transmission photoacoustic spectroscopy of flash-evaporated CuIn0.75Ga0.25Se2 thin films (2006)
Journal Article
Ahmed, E., Pilkington, R., Hill, A., Ali, C., Ahmed, W., & Hassan, I. (2006). Transmission photoacoustic spectroscopy of flash-evaporated CuIn0.75Ga0.25Se2 thin films. Thin Solid Films, 515(1), 239-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.12.076

Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) has proved to be an effective technique for the evaluation of inherent defect population in a wide range of materials for various applications. This paper demonstrates the use of this technique in transmission mode an... Read More about Transmission photoacoustic spectroscopy of flash-evaporated CuIn0.75Ga0.25Se2 thin films.

In situ transmission electron microscopy studies of radiation damage in copper indium diselenide (2006)
Journal Article
Donnelly, S., Hinks, J., Edmondson, P., Pilkington, R., Yakushev, M., & Birtcher, R. (2006). In situ transmission electron microscopy studies of radiation damage in copper indium diselenide. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 242(1-2), 686-689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.08.089

The ternary semiconductor, CuInSe2 (CIS), is a promising semiconductor material for use in photovoltaic applications. Of particular interest is the high tolerance of this material to bombardment by energetic particles. This is of particular importanc... Read More about In situ transmission electron microscopy studies of radiation damage in copper indium diselenide.

Advanced coatings through pulsed magnetron sputtering (2004)
Journal Article
Kelly, P., Hisek, J., Zhou, Y., Pilkington, R., & Arnell, R. (2004). Advanced coatings through pulsed magnetron sputtering. Surface Engineering, 20(3), 157-162. https://doi.org/10.1179/026708404225010702

Pulsed magnetron sputtering (PMS) has become established as the process of choice for the deposition of dielectric materials for many applications. The process is attractive because it offers stable arc free operating conditions during the deposi... Read More about Advanced coatings through pulsed magnetron sputtering.

Characterization of polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Te2 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition (2001)
Journal Article
Gremenok, V., Martin, R., Bodnar, I., Yakushev, M., Schmitz, W., Bente, K., …Tomlinson, R. (2001). Characterization of polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Te2 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition. Thin Solid Films, 394(1-2), 23-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090%2801%2901178-6

Thin films of the chalcopyrite compound CuGaXIn1-XTe2 (0=<X=<1) have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of prereacted material onto glass substrates. The structural and optical properties of these films have been investigated usin... Read More about Characterization of polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Te2 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition.

Effects of D+ implantation of CIGS thin films through a CdS layer (2001)
Journal Article
Yakushev, M., Martin, R., Krustok, J., Mudriy, A., Holman, D., Schock, H., …Tomlinson, R. (2001). Effects of D+ implantation of CIGS thin films through a CdS layer. Thin Solid Films, 387(1-2), 201-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090%2800%2901730-2

Cu(InGa)Se2 thin films coated with a 30 nm CdS layer were implanted with doses of 1014–1016 cm−2 of 2.5 keV D+ at room temperature. Implanted and non-implanted areas of the films were characterised using low-temperature photoluminescence (PL). A broa... Read More about Effects of D+ implantation of CIGS thin films through a CdS layer.

Structural and optical investigations on CdS thin films grown by chemical bath technique (2001)
Journal Article
Ramaiah, K., Pilkington, R., Hill, A., Tomlinson, R., & Bhatnagar, A. (2001). Structural and optical investigations on CdS thin films grown by chemical bath technique. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 68(1-3), 22-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584%2800%2900281-9

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films have been prepared by using a chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. Structural analysis (XRD and TEM) revealed that the films showed hexagonal structure with lattice constants a=0.4015 nm and c=0.6545 nm. On anneali... Read More about Structural and optical investigations on CdS thin films grown by chemical bath technique.

Modeling and analysis of the growth of copper dendrites in saturated conditions using a multilevel factorial design analysis
Journal Article
Lawson, W., Pilkington, R., & Hill, A. Modeling and analysis of the growth of copper dendrites in saturated conditions using a multilevel factorial design analysis. Microelectronics International, 24(2), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1108/13565360710745575

Purpose – Tracks, pads and vias on printed circuit boards can suffer from a variety of problems, if the surfaces are contaminated with electricallyconducting substances. Aims to model a multilevel full-factorial design to study the effects of tempera... Read More about Modeling and analysis of the growth of copper dendrites in saturated conditions using a multilevel factorial design analysis.