Skip to main content

Research Repository

Advanced Search

All Outputs (59)

Human perception and response to sound from unmanned aircraft systems within ambient acoustic environments (2024)
Journal Article
Lotinga, M. J. B., Green, M. C., & Torija, A. J. (in press). Human perception and response to sound from unmanned aircraft systems within ambient acoustic environments. #Journal not on list,

Potential opportunities for unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) to offer societal benefits are accompanied by noise impact risks. Accordingly, it is important to develop greater understanding of perception and response to UAS sound. A laboratory listenin... Read More about Human perception and response to sound from unmanned aircraft systems within ambient acoustic environments.

Evaluation of auditory alerting systems for safe electric scooter operations (2024)
Journal Article
Walton, T., Torija, A. J., Hughes, R. J., & Elliott, A. S. (in press). Evaluation of auditory alerting systems for safe electric scooter operations. Scientific Reports,

It is well understood that a significant shift away from fossil fuel based transportation is necessary to limit the impacts of the climate crisis. Electric micromobility modes, such as electric scooters and electric bikes, have the potential to offer... Read More about Evaluation of auditory alerting systems for safe electric scooter operations.

Aerodynamic and aeroacoustic design of electric ducted fans (2024)
Journal Article
Casagrande Hirono, F., Torija, A. J., Grimshaw, S. D., Cousins, D., Farman, J., & Taylor, J. V. (2024). Aerodynamic and aeroacoustic design of electric ducted fans. Aerospace science and technology, 153, 109411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2024.109411

This paper describes the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic design of an electric ducted fan (EDF). A prototype EDF was designed and built with three different rotor-stator sets to operate at design flow coefficients... Read More about Aerodynamic and aeroacoustic design of electric ducted fans.

Perception of noise from unmanned aircraft systems: Efficacy of metrics for indoor and outdoor listener positions (2024)
Journal Article
Green, N., Torija, A. J., & Ramos-Romero, C. (2024). Perception of noise from unmanned aircraft systems: Efficacy of metrics for indoor and outdoor listener positions. ˜The œJournal of the Acoustical Society of America (Online), 155(2), 915-929. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0024522

This paper presents the results of a listening experiment designed to assess annoyance and perceived loudness (PL) for several unmanned aircraft system (UAS) operations, with the listener simulated in indoor and outdoor positions. This research inves... Read More about Perception of noise from unmanned aircraft systems: Efficacy of metrics for indoor and outdoor listener positions.

Investigating the Dose Response of UAS Noise: Designing a Listening Experiment (2024)
Journal Article
Green, N., Ramos-Romero, C., & Torija Martinez, A. (in press). Investigating the Dose Response of UAS Noise: Designing a Listening Experiment. #Journal not on list, https://doi.org/10.61782/fa.2023.1170

In collaboration with the UK Civil Aviation Authority, the University of Salford is carrying out research to better understand the human perception and dose response of Unmaned Aerial Systems (UAS) noise. A listening experiment has been conducted to... Read More about Investigating the Dose Response of UAS Noise: Designing a Listening Experiment.

sUAS noise characterisation during hovering operations (2024)
Journal Article
Ramos-Romero, C., Green, N., Asensio, C., & Torija Martinez, A. (in press). sUAS noise characterisation during hovering operations. #Journal not on list, https://doi.org/10.61782/fa.2023.0249

In the framework of the EPSRC - UK DroneNoise project, a multi-channel methodology for small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) noise measurement was applied under controlled conditions. The measurement campaign was carried out during August 2022 in Edze... Read More about sUAS noise characterisation during hovering operations.

Toward Estimating Noise–Power–Distance Curves for Propeller-Powered Zero-Emission Hydrogen Aircraft (2023)
Journal Article
Amargianitakis, D. C., Self, R. H., Torija, A. J., Proença, A. R., & Synodinos, A. P. (2023). Toward Estimating Noise–Power–Distance Curves for Propeller-Powered Zero-Emission Hydrogen Aircraft. Journal of Aircraft, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.c037194

As part of the UK Research and Innovation project New Aviation, Propulsion, Knowledge and Innovation Network (NAPKIN), a high-level framework was developed for the assessment of the noise impact of the proposed regional-sized hydrogen-powered aircraf... Read More about Toward Estimating Noise–Power–Distance Curves for Propeller-Powered Zero-Emission Hydrogen Aircraft.

Noise from Unconventional Aircraft: A Review of Current Measurement Techniques, Psychoacoustics, Metrics and Regulation (2023)
Journal Article
Lotinga, M. J. B., Ramos-Romero, C., Green, N., & Torija, A. J. (2023). Noise from Unconventional Aircraft: A Review of Current Measurement Techniques, Psychoacoustics, Metrics and Regulation. Current Pollution Reports, 9(4), 724-745. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-023-00285-4

Purpose of Review: This review aims to evaluate and discuss the current advances in the measurement and assessment of the noise generated by unconventional aircraft, such as unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and urban air mobility (UAM) vehicles. Build... Read More about Noise from Unconventional Aircraft: A Review of Current Measurement Techniques, Psychoacoustics, Metrics and Regulation.

Auditory Alerts for E-scooters: Relationship Between Pedestrian Auditory Detection Rates and Alert Sound Level (2023)
Journal Article
Walton, T., Elias, D. S., & Torija, A. J. (2023). Auditory Alerts for E-scooters: Relationship Between Pedestrian Auditory Detection Rates and Alert Sound Level. Applied Acoustics, 214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2023.109683

Electric micromobility has the potential to transform the urban transportation system by offering increased personal mobility, whilst reducing congestion and air pollution. Standing electric scooters (e-scooters) are considered as the most popular mo... Read More about Auditory Alerts for E-scooters: Relationship Between Pedestrian Auditory Detection Rates and Alert Sound Level.

On-field measurement for sUAS noise characterization (2023)
Journal Article
Ramos Romero, C., Green, N., Asensio, C., & Torija, A. (2023). On-field measurement for sUAS noise characterization. https://doi.org/10.61782/fa.2023.0248

With the imminent introduction of multi-rotor aircraft systems
in airspace and the expectation of their operation
near urban areas, noise emissions from this new type of
noise sources have become an important research topic,
mainly because they h... Read More about On-field measurement for sUAS noise characterization.

Acoustic and Psychoacoustic Characterisation of Small-Scale Contra-Rotating Propellers (2023)
Journal Article
Casagrande Hirono, F., Robertson, J., & Torija Martinez, A. J. (2023). Acoustic and Psychoacoustic Characterisation of Small-Scale Contra-Rotating Propellers. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 569, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117971

This paper reports an experimental investigation of noise radiation and psychoacoustic evaluation of contra-rotating propellers with different blade counts over multiple emission angles and thrust settings. A series of aeroacoustic and psychoacoustic... Read More about Acoustic and Psychoacoustic Characterisation of Small-Scale Contra-Rotating Propellers.

On-field noise measurements and acoustic characterisation of multi-rotor small unmanned aerial systems (2023)
Journal Article
Ramos-Romero, C., Green, N., Torija, A. J., & Asensio, C. (2023). On-field noise measurements and acoustic characterisation of multi-rotor small unmanned aerial systems. Aerospace science and technology, 141, 108537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2023.108537

The noise signature of small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) is highly influenced by specific operating and weather conditions. Accurate noise assessment of sUAS operations requires field noise measurements that capture all the compl... Read More about On-field noise measurements and acoustic characterisation of multi-rotor small unmanned aerial systems.

Advances in the Measurement and Human Response to Noise of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (2023)
Journal Article
Green, N., Ramos-Romero, C., & Torija Martinez, A. (2023). Advances in the Measurement and Human Response to Noise of Unmanned Aircraft Systems. SAE Technical Papers, https://doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-1108

The sound produced by Unmanned Aerial Systems (known as UAS or Drones) is often considered to be one of the main barriers (alongside privacy and safety concerns) preventing the widespread use of these vehicles in environments where they may be in clo... Read More about Advances in the Measurement and Human Response to Noise of Unmanned Aircraft Systems.

Closed-form analytical approach for calculating noise contours of directive aircraft noise sources (2023)
Journal Article
of directive aircraft noise sources. AIAA journal, https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J062033

This paper extends the simplified airport noise model Rapid Aviation Noise Evaluator (RANE) [Torija et al., Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 141, No. 2, 2017, pp. 981–995], adding capability of including fully nonisotropic noise sou... Read More about Closed-form analytical approach for calculating noise contours of directive aircraft noise sources.

Development of electric scooter alerting sounds using psychoacoustical metrics (2022)
Journal Article
Walton, T., Torija Martinez, A., & Elliott, A. (2022). Development of electric scooter alerting sounds using psychoacoustical metrics. Applied Acoustics, 201(109136), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2022.109136

In recent years electric micromobility transportation, including electric scooters, has seen a surge in popularity due to technological advances and the move to lower emission transport. Although offering a range of societal benefits, such as reduced... Read More about Development of electric scooter alerting sounds using psychoacoustical metrics.

Requirements for Drone Operations to Minimise Community Noise Impact (2022)
Journal Article
Ramos-Romero, C., Green, N., Roberts, S., Clark, C., & Torija, A. J. (2022). Requirements for Drone Operations to Minimise Community Noise Impact. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15), 9299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159299

The number of applications for drones under R&D have growth significantly during the last few years; however, the wider adoption of these technologies requires ensuring public trust and acceptance. Noise has been identified as one of the key concerns... Read More about Requirements for Drone Operations to Minimise Community Noise Impact.

Acoustic optimization of a contra-rotating propeller rig (2022)
Journal Article
Casagrande Hirono, F., Torija Martinez, A., & Elliott, A. (2022). Acoustic optimization of a contra-rotating propeller rig. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0010735

With the advance of unmanned aerial vehicles as a viable alternative for urban transportation, it is imperative that these vehicles have a low impact on community noise. Contra-rotating propeller technologies offer interesting advantages over traditi... Read More about Acoustic optimization of a contra-rotating propeller rig.

Investigation of Metrics for Assessing Human Response to Drone Noise (2022)
Journal Article
Torija, A. J., & Nicholls, R. K. (2022). Investigation of Metrics for Assessing Human Response to Drone Noise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3152. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063152

Novel electric air transportation is emerging as an industry that could help to improve the lives of people living in both metropolitan and rural areas through integration into infrastructure and services. However, as this new resource of accessibili... Read More about Investigation of Metrics for Assessing Human Response to Drone Noise.